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Saudi Arabia vs Qatar: population pyramids compared

Saudi Arabia is about 11 times as large as Qatar, but size is only part of the story. Compare the two age structures on one percentage scale for 2026 and 2050, with every indicator side by side.

Estimate or projection?

UN estimates run through 2023; figures from 2024 onward are medium-scenario projections.

Saudi Arabia and Qatar in 2026

Saudi Arabia population pyramid

2026 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex

Medium projection
Saudi Arabia population pyramid for 2026: males on the left and females on the right Male share Female share 100+ males: 86 (0.0%) 100+ females: 293 (0.0%) 100+ 95–99 males: 995 (0.0%) 95–99 females: 2,063 (0.0%) 95–99 90–94 males: 6,010 (0.0%) 90–94 females: 8,832 (0.0%) 90–94 85–89 males: 18,701 (0.1%) 85–89 females: 22,699 (0.1%) 85–89 80–84 males: 53,001 (0.2%) 80–84 females: 50,552 (0.1%) 80–84 75–79 males: 94,134 (0.3%) 75–79 females: 84,178 (0.2%) 75–79 70–74 males: 144,508 (0.4%) 70–74 females: 124,709 (0.4%) 70–74 65–69 males: 290,678 (0.8%) 65–69 females: 213,505 (0.6%) 65–69 60–64 males: 506,402 (1.4%) 60–64 females: 315,634 (0.9%) 60–64 55–59 males: 768,590 (2.2%) 55–59 females: 420,450 (1.2%) 55–59 50–54 males: 1,097,856 (3.1%) 50–54 females: 550,130 (1.6%) 50–54 45–49 males: 1,541,522 (4.4%) 45–49 females: 769,160 (2.2%) 45–49 40–44 males: 2,151,456 (6.1%) 40–44 females: 1,025,576 (2.9%) 40–44 35–39 males: 2,581,657 (7.3%) 35–39 females: 1,272,377 (3.6%) 35–39 30–34 males: 2,597,028 (7.4%) 30–34 females: 1,378,530 (3.9%) 30–34 25–29 males: 2,240,839 (6.4%) 25–29 females: 1,271,909 (3.6%) 25–29 20–24 males: 1,621,049 (4.6%) 20–24 females: 1,177,883 (3.3%) 20–24 15–19 males: 1,299,370 (3.7%) 15–19 females: 1,222,809 (3.5%) 15–19 10–14 males: 1,378,915 (3.9%) 10–14 females: 1,336,226 (3.8%) 10–14 5–9 males: 1,394,970 (4.0%) 5–9 females: 1,346,233 (3.8%) 5–9 0–4 males: 1,422,504 (4.0%) 0–4 females: 1,361,771 (3.9%) 0–4 15%7.5% Age 7.5%15%

Qatar population pyramid

2026 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex

Medium projection
Qatar population pyramid for 2026: males on the left and females on the right Male share Female share 100+ males: 4 (0.0%) 100+ females: 7 (0.0%) 100+ 95–99 males: 47 (0.0%) 95–99 females: 68 (0.0%) 95–99 90–94 males: 241 (0.0%) 90–94 females: 289 (0.0%) 90–94 85–89 males: 728 (0.0%) 85–89 females: 703 (0.0%) 85–89 80–84 males: 1,525 (0.0%) 80–84 females: 1,282 (0.0%) 80–84 75–79 males: 3,842 (0.1%) 75–79 females: 3,074 (0.1%) 75–79 70–74 males: 7,577 (0.2%) 70–74 females: 5,976 (0.2%) 70–74 65–69 males: 19,325 (0.6%) 65–69 females: 9,970 (0.3%) 65–69 60–64 males: 38,455 (1.2%) 60–64 females: 15,969 (0.5%) 60–64 55–59 males: 73,332 (2.3%) 55–59 females: 24,892 (0.8%) 55–59 50–54 males: 132,393 (4.2%) 50–54 females: 36,994 (1.2%) 50–54 45–49 males: 198,274 (6.2%) 45–49 females: 61,892 (2.0%) 45–49 40–44 males: 293,070 (9.2%) 40–44 females: 89,204 (2.8%) 40–44 35–39 males: 388,233 (12.2%) 35–39 females: 117,944 (3.7%) 35–39 30–34 males: 377,932 (11.9%) 30–34 females: 114,253 (3.6%) 30–34 25–29 males: 265,897 (8.4%) 25–29 females: 85,291 (2.7%) 25–29 20–24 males: 136,738 (4.3%) 20–24 females: 62,277 (2.0%) 20–24 15–19 males: 71,260 (2.2%) 15–19 females: 58,705 (1.8%) 15–19 10–14 males: 73,085 (2.3%) 10–14 females: 70,763 (2.2%) 10–14 5–9 males: 86,320 (2.7%) 5–9 females: 82,339 (2.6%) 5–9 0–4 males: 81,859 (2.6%) 0–4 females: 81,535 (2.6%) 0–4 15%7.5% Age 7.5%15%

Key differences between Saudi Arabia and Qatar

Age. Qatar is the older population, with a median age of 33.4 years against 29.7 in Saudi Arabia — a gap of 3.7 years. Saudi Arabia has the larger share of children (23.4% under 15 versus 15.0%), while Saudi Arabia has the larger share aged 65 and over (3.2% versus 1.7%).

Births and survival. Saudi Arabia’s fertility rate of 2.27 is above the replacement level, and Qatar’s 1.69 is below it. Life expectancy at birth is 82.8 years in Qatar and 79.4 in Saudi Arabia.

Dependency. The total age dependency ratio is 36.2 in Saudi Arabia (31.9 children and 4.3 older people per 100 aged 15–64) and 20.1 in Qatar (18.0 and 2.1). Similar totals can hide very different mixes of young and old.

Outlook. Between 2026 and 2050, the UN medium scenario has Saudi Arabia’s population grows by 36% and Qatar’s grows by 31%. These are scenario results, not forecasts; how projections work explains the assumptions.

Saudi Arabia vs Qatar: indicators side by side

IndicatorSaudi ArabiaQatar
Population, 202635,165,7873,173,559
Median age29.7 years33.4 years
Under age 1523.4%15.0%
Aged 15–6473.4%83.3%
Aged 65+3.2%1.7%
Age dependency ratio36.220.1
Fertility rate2.271.69
Life expectancy at birth79.4 years82.8 years
Annual growth+1.7%+1.6%
Males per 100 females152.0243.7
Population, 205047,693,9104,164,460
Change, 2026–2050+35.6%+31.2%
Population, 210071,006,6907,272,256
Peak yearStill rising in 2100Still rising in 2100
Global population rank#47#136

2026, 2050, and 2100 values are UN World Population Prospects 2024 medium-scenario projections.

How the two pyramids could look in 2050

The same scale is kept for the projected charts, so a narrowing base or widening top can be compared directly with the 2026 shapes above.

Saudi Arabia population pyramid

2050 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex

Medium projection
Saudi Arabia population pyramid for 2050: males on the left and females on the right Male share Female share 100+ males: 996 (0.0%) 100+ females: 1,593 (0.0%) 100+ 95–99 males: 6,332 (0.0%) 95–99 females: 9,964 (0.0%) 95–99 90–94 males: 35,343 (0.1%) 90–94 females: 46,013 (0.1%) 90–94 85–89 males: 102,459 (0.2%) 85–89 females: 119,585 (0.3%) 85–89 80–84 males: 202,750 (0.4%) 80–84 females: 225,577 (0.5%) 80–84 75–79 males: 315,075 (0.7%) 75–79 females: 330,589 (0.7%) 75–79 70–74 males: 543,339 (1.1%) 70–74 females: 491,373 (1.0%) 70–74 65–69 males: 804,927 (1.7%) 65–69 females: 673,617 (1.4%) 65–69 60–64 males: 1,042,402 (2.2%) 60–64 females: 826,605 (1.7%) 60–64 55–59 males: 1,144,959 (2.4%) 55–59 females: 941,678 (2.0%) 55–59 50–54 males: 1,215,307 (2.5%) 50–54 females: 999,635 (2.1%) 50–54 45–49 males: 1,802,266 (3.8%) 45–49 females: 1,197,420 (2.5%) 45–49 40–44 males: 2,556,526 (5.4%) 40–44 females: 1,437,379 (3.0%) 40–44 35–39 males: 3,044,206 (6.4%) 35–39 females: 1,696,346 (3.6%) 35–39 30–34 males: 3,273,743 (6.9%) 30–34 females: 1,768,546 (3.7%) 30–34 25–29 males: 3,045,735 (6.4%) 25–29 females: 1,665,569 (3.5%) 25–29 20–24 males: 2,077,936 (4.4%) 20–24 females: 1,498,361 (3.1%) 20–24 15–19 males: 1,508,080 (3.2%) 15–19 females: 1,465,210 (3.1%) 15–19 10–14 males: 1,596,554 (3.3%) 10–14 females: 1,554,832 (3.3%) 10–14 5–9 males: 1,649,519 (3.5%) 5–9 females: 1,605,304 (3.4%) 5–9 0–4 males: 1,615,339 (3.4%) 0–4 females: 1,554,916 (3.3%) 0–4 15%7.5% Age 7.5%15%

Qatar population pyramid

2050 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex

Medium projection
Qatar population pyramid for 2050: males on the left and females on the right Male share Female share 100+ males: 43 (0.0%) 100+ females: 55 (0.0%) 100+ 95–99 males: 235 (0.0%) 95–99 females: 289 (0.0%) 95–99 90–94 males: 1,353 (0.0%) 90–94 females: 925 (0.0%) 90–94 85–89 males: 3,002 (0.1%) 85–89 females: 1,474 (0.0%) 85–89 80–84 males: 3,906 (0.1%) 80–84 females: 1,931 (0.0%) 80–84 75–79 males: 14,104 (0.3%) 75–79 females: 2,606 (0.1%) 75–79 70–74 males: 30,044 (0.7%) 70–74 females: 5,951 (0.1%) 70–74 65–69 males: 46,588 (1.1%) 65–69 females: 11,073 (0.3%) 65–69 60–64 males: 68,278 (1.6%) 60–64 females: 19,861 (0.5%) 60–64 55–59 males: 101,142 (2.4%) 55–59 females: 24,041 (0.6%) 55–59 50–54 males: 139,274 (3.3%) 50–54 females: 37,181 (0.9%) 50–54 45–49 males: 186,829 (4.5%) 45–49 females: 91,608 (2.2%) 45–49 40–44 males: 340,084 (8.2%) 40–44 females: 139,672 (3.4%) 40–44 35–39 males: 423,426 (10.2%) 35–39 females: 172,088 (4.1%) 35–39 30–34 males: 419,204 (10.1%) 30–34 females: 181,112 (4.3%) 30–34 25–29 males: 331,339 (8.0%) 25–29 females: 151,364 (3.6%) 25–29 20–24 males: 192,327 (4.6%) 20–24 females: 99,238 (2.4%) 20–24 15–19 males: 90,848 (2.2%) 15–19 females: 90,336 (2.2%) 15–19 10–14 males: 110,948 (2.7%) 10–14 females: 114,350 (2.7%) 10–14 5–9 males: 127,174 (3.1%) 5–9 females: 132,085 (3.2%) 5–9 0–4 males: 128,570 (3.1%) 0–4 females: 128,501 (3.1%) 0–4 15%7.5% Age 7.5%15%

What shapes Saudi Arabia’s pyramid

Saudi Arabia’s pyramid has a balanced base of children beneath a heavily male bulge at ages 25–44, created by decades of recruited foreign labor. Read the full Saudi Arabia analysis.

What shapes Qatar’s pyramid

Qatar’s pyramid is dominated by men aged 25–44, a migrant workforce so large that men in their thirties outnumber all children under 15. Read the full Qatar analysis.

Explore each country in depth

Questions about Saudi Arabia and Qatar

Which population is older, Saudi Arabia or Qatar?

Qatar is older: its projected 2026 median age is 33.4 years, compared with 29.7 in Saudi Arabia.

Which has a higher fertility rate, Saudi Arabia or Qatar?

Saudi Arabia has the higher total fertility rate in 2026: 2.27 births per woman, against 1.69 in Qatar.

Will Saudi Arabia or Qatar have more people in 2050?

Under the UN medium scenario, Saudi Arabia is projected to be larger in 2050, with 47.7M people against 4.2M.