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Compare country population pyramids

Choose any two countries or areas. Compare their age shapes, population size, fertility, longevity, and projected change using one consistent source.

Estimate or projection?

UN estimates run through 2023; figures from 2024 onward are medium-scenario projections.

India population pyramid

2026 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex

Medium projection
India population pyramid for 2026: males on the left and females on the right Male share Female share 100+ males: 16,622 (0.0%) 100+ females: 26,174 (0.0%) 100+ 95–99 males: 140,554 (0.0%) 95–99 females: 210,325 (0.0%) 95 90–94 males: 667,277 (0.0%) 90–94 females: 993,030 (0.1%) 90 85–89 males: 2,010,383 (0.1%) 85–89 females: 2,772,216 (0.2%) 85 80–84 males: 4,463,068 (0.3%) 80–84 females: 5,556,511 (0.4%) 80 75–79 males: 8,977,225 (0.6%) 75–79 females: 10,234,935 (0.7%) 75 70–74 males: 15,488,423 (1.0%) 70–74 females: 16,643,677 (1.1%) 70 65–69 males: 21,788,582 (1.5%) 65–69 females: 22,369,264 (1.5%) 65 60–64 males: 27,760,324 (1.9%) 60–64 females: 27,753,214 (1.9%) 60 55–59 males: 33,664,488 (2.3%) 55–59 females: 33,056,213 (2.2%) 55 50–54 males: 40,160,952 (2.7%) 50–54 females: 38,637,183 (2.6%) 50 45–49 males: 46,665,776 (3.2%) 45–49 females: 43,954,216 (3.0%) 45 40–44 males: 54,063,251 (3.7%) 40–44 females: 50,289,524 (3.4%) 40 35–39 males: 59,419,674 (4.0%) 35–39 females: 55,046,499 (3.7%) 35 30–34 males: 63,103,645 (4.3%) 30–34 females: 57,719,010 (3.9%) 30 25–29 males: 66,396,385 (4.5%) 25–29 females: 60,183,470 (4.1%) 25 20–24 males: 67,577,598 (4.6%) 20–24 females: 61,386,465 (4.2%) 20 15–19 males: 66,102,266 (4.5%) 15–19 females: 60,111,402 (4.1%) 15 10–14 males: 63,758,124 (4.3%) 10–14 females: 58,280,825 (3.9%) 10 5–9 males: 60,517,269 (4.1%) 5–9 females: 55,818,782 (3.8%) 5 0–4 males: 58,377,910 (4.0%) 0–4 females: 54,462,846 (3.7%) 0 15%7.5% Age 7.5%15%

China population pyramid

2026 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex

Medium projection
China population pyramid for 2026: males on the left and females on the right Male share Female share 100+ males: 4,341 (0.0%) 100+ females: 48,372 (0.0%) 100+ 95–99 males: 138,219 (0.0%) 95–99 females: 546,329 (0.0%) 95 90–94 males: 1,220,953 (0.1%) 90–94 females: 2,877,048 (0.2%) 90 85–89 males: 4,219,703 (0.3%) 85–89 females: 7,091,868 (0.5%) 85 80–84 males: 9,334,663 (0.7%) 80–84 females: 13,003,786 (0.9%) 80 75–79 males: 18,687,832 (1.3%) 75–79 females: 23,697,183 (1.7%) 75 70–74 males: 30,704,345 (2.2%) 70–74 females: 36,374,753 (2.6%) 70 65–69 males: 31,394,266 (2.2%) 65–69 females: 34,433,815 (2.4%) 65 60–64 males: 50,867,520 (3.6%) 60–64 females: 52,813,111 (3.7%) 60 55–59 males: 59,033,504 (4.2%) 55–59 females: 59,415,075 (4.2%) 55 50–54 males: 55,143,349 (3.9%) 50–54 females: 54,078,416 (3.8%) 50 45–49 males: 47,164,339 (3.3%) 45–49 females: 45,300,863 (3.2%) 45 40–44 males: 54,302,383 (3.8%) 40–44 females: 51,170,709 (3.6%) 40 35–39 males: 63,689,179 (4.5%) 35–39 females: 58,292,077 (4.1%) 35 30–34 males: 49,167,853 (3.5%) 30–34 females: 43,509,173 (3.1%) 30 25–29 males: 43,779,311 (3.1%) 25–29 females: 37,770,563 (2.7%) 25 20–24 males: 42,415,497 (3.0%) 20–24 females: 36,141,865 (2.6%) 20 15–19 males: 46,340,094 (3.3%) 15–19 females: 39,577,852 (2.8%) 15 10–14 males: 48,503,553 (3.4%) 10–14 females: 41,971,001 (3.0%) 10 5–9 males: 39,075,711 (2.8%) 5–9 females: 34,559,683 (2.4%) 5 0–4 males: 23,622,185 (1.7%) 0–4 females: 21,431,744 (1.5%) 0 15%7.5% Age 7.5%15%

Key differences

India

2026 population1.48B
Median age29.2 years
Under age 1523.8%
Age 65+7.6%
Dependency ratio45.8
Fertility1.93
Life expectancy72.7 years
Change to 2050+13.7%

Open full India profile →

China

2026 population1.41B
Median age40.6 years
Under age 1514.8%
Age 65+15.1%
Dependency ratio42.7
Fertility1.03
Life expectancy79.0 years
Change to 2050-10.8%

Open full China profile →

Interpret the comparison

How to compare two population pyramids

Begin with the base

Compare the 0–4, 5–9, and 10–14 cohorts. A narrower recent base suggests smaller birth cohorts, but fertility data and migration are needed to explain why.

Inspect the middle

Adult bulges may follow large birth cohorts or age-selective migration. Compare the male and female sides and avoid assigning a cause from shape alone.

Read the top with context

The 65+ share, median age, and life expectancy measure different parts of ageing. Use them together rather than treating one number as the whole story.

Counts and percentages answer different questions

Both charts use the same percentage scale, so corresponding bar widths can be compared directly. The population totals below preserve differences in absolute size. A smaller country may have a wider child bar but far fewer children in total.

For a repeatable process, use the five-step chart-reading guide. For exact custom cohorts, open the age-group calculator.

Questions about the comparison

Can I compare any two country population pyramids?

Yes. The selectors include all 237 countries and areas in UN World Population Prospects 2024. Both charts use the same 2026 percentage scale.

Why can a smaller country have wider bars?

The bars show each age and sex group as a share of that country’s total population. Population totals are listed separately below the charts.

Are the 2026 comparison values observed?

No. The UN WPP 2024 series treats 2024 onward as projections. The comparison uses the medium scenario.