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India vs Pakistan: population pyramids compared

India is about 5.7 times as large as Pakistan, but size is only part of the story. Compare the two age structures on one percentage scale for 2026 and 2050, with every indicator side by side.

Estimate or projection?

UN estimates run through 2023; figures from 2024 onward are medium-scenario projections.

India and Pakistan in 2026

India population pyramid

2026 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex

Medium projection
India population pyramid for 2026: males on the left and females on the right Male share Female share 100+ males: 16,622 (0.0%) 100+ females: 26,174 (0.0%) 100+ 95–99 males: 140,554 (0.0%) 95–99 females: 210,325 (0.0%) 95–99 90–94 males: 667,277 (0.0%) 90–94 females: 993,030 (0.1%) 90–94 85–89 males: 2,010,383 (0.1%) 85–89 females: 2,772,216 (0.2%) 85–89 80–84 males: 4,463,068 (0.3%) 80–84 females: 5,556,511 (0.4%) 80–84 75–79 males: 8,977,225 (0.6%) 75–79 females: 10,234,935 (0.7%) 75–79 70–74 males: 15,488,423 (1.0%) 70–74 females: 16,643,677 (1.1%) 70–74 65–69 males: 21,788,582 (1.5%) 65–69 females: 22,369,264 (1.5%) 65–69 60–64 males: 27,760,324 (1.9%) 60–64 females: 27,753,214 (1.9%) 60–64 55–59 males: 33,664,488 (2.3%) 55–59 females: 33,056,213 (2.2%) 55–59 50–54 males: 40,160,952 (2.7%) 50–54 females: 38,637,183 (2.6%) 50–54 45–49 males: 46,665,776 (3.2%) 45–49 females: 43,954,216 (3.0%) 45–49 40–44 males: 54,063,251 (3.7%) 40–44 females: 50,289,524 (3.4%) 40–44 35–39 males: 59,419,674 (4.0%) 35–39 females: 55,046,499 (3.7%) 35–39 30–34 males: 63,103,645 (4.3%) 30–34 females: 57,719,010 (3.9%) 30–34 25–29 males: 66,396,385 (4.5%) 25–29 females: 60,183,470 (4.1%) 25–29 20–24 males: 67,577,598 (4.6%) 20–24 females: 61,386,465 (4.2%) 20–24 15–19 males: 66,102,266 (4.5%) 15–19 females: 60,111,402 (4.1%) 15–19 10–14 males: 63,758,124 (4.3%) 10–14 females: 58,280,825 (3.9%) 10–14 5–9 males: 60,517,269 (4.1%) 5–9 females: 55,818,782 (3.8%) 5–9 0–4 males: 58,377,910 (4.0%) 0–4 females: 54,462,846 (3.7%) 0–4 10%5% Age 5%10%

Pakistan population pyramid

2026 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex

Medium projection
Pakistan population pyramid for 2026: males on the left and females on the right Male share Female share 100+ males: 78 (0.0%) 100+ females: 272 (0.0%) 100+ 95–99 males: 2,882 (0.0%) 95–99 females: 5,795 (0.0%) 95–99 90–94 males: 30,774 (0.0%) 90–94 females: 49,218 (0.0%) 90–94 85–89 males: 154,812 (0.1%) 85–89 females: 211,234 (0.1%) 85–89 80–84 males: 454,234 (0.2%) 80–84 females: 585,327 (0.2%) 80–84 75–79 males: 842,542 (0.3%) 75–79 females: 1,058,918 (0.4%) 75–79 70–74 males: 1,485,133 (0.6%) 70–74 females: 1,749,910 (0.7%) 70–74 65–69 males: 2,321,595 (0.9%) 65–69 females: 2,570,145 (1.0%) 65–69 60–64 males: 3,079,323 (1.2%) 60–64 females: 3,257,358 (1.3%) 60–64 55–59 males: 3,730,300 (1.4%) 55–59 females: 3,823,345 (1.5%) 55–59 50–54 males: 4,506,199 (1.7%) 50–54 females: 4,530,074 (1.7%) 50–54 45–49 males: 5,522,608 (2.1%) 45–49 females: 5,467,725 (2.1%) 45–49 40–44 males: 6,884,276 (2.7%) 40–44 females: 6,761,252 (2.6%) 40–44 35–39 males: 8,155,151 (3.1%) 35–39 females: 7,856,983 (3.0%) 35–39 30–34 males: 9,358,205 (3.6%) 30–34 females: 8,946,808 (3.5%) 30–34 25–29 males: 10,780,912 (4.2%) 25–29 females: 10,339,988 (4.0%) 25–29 20–24 males: 12,191,582 (4.7%) 20–24 females: 11,681,967 (4.5%) 20–24 15–19 males: 14,384,799 (5.5%) 15–19 females: 13,719,270 (5.3%) 15–19 10–14 males: 15,277,513 (5.9%) 10–14 females: 14,647,924 (5.6%) 10–14 5–9 males: 15,616,826 (6.0%) 5–9 females: 14,981,315 (5.8%) 5–9 0–4 males: 16,488,846 (6.4%) 0–4 females: 15,786,376 (6.1%) 0–4 10%5% Age 5%10%

Key differences between India and Pakistan

Age. India is the older population, with a median age of 29.2 years against 20.8 in Pakistan — a gap of 8.4 years. Pakistan has the larger share of children (35.8% under 15 versus 23.8%), while India has the larger share aged 65 and over (7.6% versus 4.4%).

Births and survival. Pakistan’s fertility rate of 3.44 is above the replacement level, and India’s 1.93 is below it. Life expectancy at birth is 72.7 years in India and 68.1 in Pakistan.

Dependency. The total age dependency ratio is 45.8 in India (34.7 children and 11.1 older people per 100 aged 15–64) and 67.3 in Pakistan (59.9 and 7.4). Similar totals can hide very different mixes of young and old.

Outlook. Between 2026 and 2050, the UN medium scenario has India’s population grows by 14% and Pakistan’s grows by 43%. These are scenario results, not forecasts; how projections work explains the assumptions.

India vs Pakistan: indicators side by side

IndicatorIndiaPakistan
Population, 20261,476,625,576259,299,792
Median age29.2 years20.8 years
Under age 1523.8%35.8%
Aged 15–6468.6%59.8%
Aged 65+7.6%4.4%
Age dependency ratio45.867.3
Fertility rate1.933.44
Life expectancy at birth72.7 years68.1 years
Annual growth+0.9%+1.6%
Males per 100 females106.4102.5
Population, 20501,679,589,259371,863,793
Change, 2026–2050+13.7%+43.4%
Population, 21001,505,251,761511,000,618
Peak year2061Still rising in 2100
Global population rank#1#5

2026, 2050, and 2100 values are UN World Population Prospects 2024 medium-scenario projections.

How the two pyramids could look in 2050

The same scale is kept for the projected charts, so a narrowing base or widening top can be compared directly with the 2026 shapes above.

India population pyramid

2050 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex

Medium projection
India population pyramid for 2050: males on the left and females on the right Male share Female share 100+ males: 78,033 (0.0%) 100+ females: 136,121 (0.0%) 100+ 95–99 males: 585,091 (0.0%) 95–99 females: 917,585 (0.1%) 95–99 90–94 males: 2,464,995 (0.1%) 90–94 females: 3,546,007 (0.2%) 90–94 85–89 males: 6,692,503 (0.4%) 85–89 females: 8,777,443 (0.5%) 85–89 80–84 males: 13,290,255 (0.8%) 80–84 females: 16,118,572 (1.0%) 80–84 75–79 males: 21,851,077 (1.3%) 75–79 females: 24,639,916 (1.5%) 75–79 70–74 males: 31,229,179 (1.9%) 70–74 females: 32,984,634 (2.0%) 70–74 65–69 males: 41,507,478 (2.5%) 65–69 females: 41,810,368 (2.5%) 65–69 60–64 males: 50,166,603 (3.0%) 60–64 females: 49,185,803 (2.9%) 60–64 55–59 males: 56,414,359 (3.4%) 55–59 females: 53,799,879 (3.2%) 55–59 50–54 males: 61,617,291 (3.7%) 50–54 females: 57,338,189 (3.4%) 50–54 45–49 males: 64,840,955 (3.9%) 45–49 females: 59,867,768 (3.6%) 45–49 40–44 males: 63,610,349 (3.8%) 40–44 females: 58,394,477 (3.5%) 40–44 35–39 males: 62,157,840 (3.7%) 35–39 females: 57,008,586 (3.4%) 35–39 30–34 males: 59,426,905 (3.5%) 30–34 females: 54,793,687 (3.3%) 30–34 25–29 males: 56,589,245 (3.4%) 25–29 females: 52,707,039 (3.1%) 25–29 20–24 males: 56,010,431 (3.3%) 20–24 females: 52,699,463 (3.1%) 20–24 15–19 males: 55,241,147 (3.3%) 15–19 females: 52,273,260 (3.1%) 15–19 10–14 males: 53,297,913 (3.2%) 10–14 females: 50,601,433 (3.0%) 10–14 5–9 males: 50,966,680 (3.0%) 5–9 females: 48,462,384 (2.9%) 5–9 0–4 males: 48,933,693 (2.9%) 0–4 females: 46,554,624 (2.8%) 0–4 10%5% Age 5%10%

Pakistan population pyramid

2050 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex

Medium projection
Pakistan population pyramid for 2050: males on the left and females on the right Male share Female share 100+ males: 346 (0.0%) 100+ females: 1,246 (0.0%) 100+ 95–99 males: 7,123 (0.0%) 95–99 females: 20,049 (0.0%) 95–99 90–94 males: 71,277 (0.0%) 90–94 females: 151,369 (0.0%) 90–94 85–89 males: 333,617 (0.1%) 85–89 females: 568,667 (0.2%) 85–89 80–84 males: 896,385 (0.2%) 80–84 females: 1,337,311 (0.4%) 80–84 75–79 males: 1,778,564 (0.5%) 75–79 females: 2,381,144 (0.6%) 75–79 70–74 males: 2,974,773 (0.8%) 70–74 females: 3,617,807 (1.0%) 70–74 65–69 males: 4,556,364 (1.2%) 65–69 females: 5,162,189 (1.4%) 65–69 60–64 males: 6,123,684 (1.6%) 60–64 females: 6,510,984 (1.8%) 60–64 55–59 males: 7,589,562 (2.0%) 55–59 females: 7,731,060 (2.1%) 55–59 50–54 males: 8,981,749 (2.4%) 50–54 females: 9,024,759 (2.4%) 50–54 45–49 males: 10,344,714 (2.8%) 45–49 females: 10,350,266 (2.8%) 45–49 40–44 males: 12,200,315 (3.3%) 40–44 females: 12,103,371 (3.3%) 40–44 35–39 males: 13,637,538 (3.7%) 35–39 females: 13,529,983 (3.6%) 35–39 30–34 males: 14,018,360 (3.8%) 30–34 females: 13,877,745 (3.7%) 30–34 25–29 males: 14,898,213 (4.0%) 25–29 females: 14,674,909 (3.9%) 25–29 20–24 males: 15,857,363 (4.3%) 20–24 females: 15,493,869 (4.2%) 20–24 15–19 males: 17,099,490 (4.6%) 15–19 females: 16,575,036 (4.5%) 15–19 10–14 males: 17,908,822 (4.8%) 10–14 females: 17,305,107 (4.7%) 10–14 5–9 males: 18,267,309 (4.9%) 5–9 females: 17,608,514 (4.7%) 5–9 0–4 males: 18,517,947 (5.0%) 0–4 females: 17,774,893 (4.8%) 0–4 10%5% Age 5%10%

What shapes India’s pyramid

India’s pyramid has stopped widening at the base: the largest bands are now young adults aged 15–29, a sign that fertility has fallen to near replacement. Read the full India analysis.

What shapes Pakistan’s pyramid

Pakistan still has a classic expansive pyramid, with each age band wider than the one above and children under 5 forming the largest group of all. Read the full Pakistan analysis.

Explore each country in depth

Questions about India and Pakistan

Which population is older, India or Pakistan?

India is older: its projected 2026 median age is 29.2 years, compared with 20.8 in Pakistan.

Which has a higher fertility rate, India or Pakistan?

Pakistan has the higher total fertility rate in 2026: 3.44 births per woman, against 1.93 in India.

Will India or Pakistan have more people in 2050?

Under the UN medium scenario, India is projected to be larger in 2050, with 1.68B people against 371.9M.