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India vs United States: population pyramids compared

India is about 4.2 times as large as United States, but size is only part of the story. Compare the two age structures on one percentage scale for 2026 and 2050, with every indicator side by side.

Estimate or projection?

UN estimates run through 2023; figures from 2024 onward are medium-scenario projections.

India and United States in 2026

India population pyramid

2026 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex

Medium projection
India population pyramid for 2026: males on the left and females on the right Male share Female share 100+ males: 16,622 (0.0%) 100+ females: 26,174 (0.0%) 100+ 95–99 males: 140,554 (0.0%) 95–99 females: 210,325 (0.0%) 95–99 90–94 males: 667,277 (0.0%) 90–94 females: 993,030 (0.1%) 90–94 85–89 males: 2,010,383 (0.1%) 85–89 females: 2,772,216 (0.2%) 85–89 80–84 males: 4,463,068 (0.3%) 80–84 females: 5,556,511 (0.4%) 80–84 75–79 males: 8,977,225 (0.6%) 75–79 females: 10,234,935 (0.7%) 75–79 70–74 males: 15,488,423 (1.0%) 70–74 females: 16,643,677 (1.1%) 70–74 65–69 males: 21,788,582 (1.5%) 65–69 females: 22,369,264 (1.5%) 65–69 60–64 males: 27,760,324 (1.9%) 60–64 females: 27,753,214 (1.9%) 60–64 55–59 males: 33,664,488 (2.3%) 55–59 females: 33,056,213 (2.2%) 55–59 50–54 males: 40,160,952 (2.7%) 50–54 females: 38,637,183 (2.6%) 50–54 45–49 males: 46,665,776 (3.2%) 45–49 females: 43,954,216 (3.0%) 45–49 40–44 males: 54,063,251 (3.7%) 40–44 females: 50,289,524 (3.4%) 40–44 35–39 males: 59,419,674 (4.0%) 35–39 females: 55,046,499 (3.7%) 35–39 30–34 males: 63,103,645 (4.3%) 30–34 females: 57,719,010 (3.9%) 30–34 25–29 males: 66,396,385 (4.5%) 25–29 females: 60,183,470 (4.1%) 25–29 20–24 males: 67,577,598 (4.6%) 20–24 females: 61,386,465 (4.2%) 20–24 15–19 males: 66,102,266 (4.5%) 15–19 females: 60,111,402 (4.1%) 15–19 10–14 males: 63,758,124 (4.3%) 10–14 females: 58,280,825 (3.9%) 10–14 5–9 males: 60,517,269 (4.1%) 5–9 females: 55,818,782 (3.8%) 5–9 0–4 males: 58,377,910 (4.0%) 0–4 females: 54,462,846 (3.7%) 0–4 10%5% Age 5%10%

United States population pyramid

2026 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex

Medium projection
United States population pyramid for 2026: males on the left and females on the right Male share Female share 100+ males: 18,022 (0.0%) 100+ females: 59,025 (0.0%) 100+ 95–99 males: 165,623 (0.0%) 95–99 females: 383,880 (0.1%) 95–99 90–94 males: 694,138 (0.2%) 90–94 females: 1,262,074 (0.4%) 90–94 85–89 males: 1,757,672 (0.5%) 85–89 females: 2,637,973 (0.8%) 85–89 80–84 males: 3,635,964 (1.0%) 80–84 females: 4,631,952 (1.3%) 80–84 75–79 males: 6,042,180 (1.7%) 75–79 females: 7,108,404 (2.0%) 75–79 70–74 males: 8,040,301 (2.3%) 70–74 females: 8,981,422 (2.6%) 70–74 65–69 males: 9,910,054 (2.8%) 65–69 females: 10,428,041 (3.0%) 65–69 60–64 males: 10,548,446 (3.0%) 60–64 females: 10,660,028 (3.1%) 60–64 55–59 males: 10,480,532 (3.0%) 55–59 females: 10,283,180 (2.9%) 55–59 50–54 males: 10,280,376 (2.9%) 50–54 females: 9,907,453 (2.8%) 50–54 45–49 males: 11,227,103 (3.2%) 45–49 females: 10,698,967 (3.1%) 45–49 40–44 males: 12,004,074 (3.4%) 40–44 females: 11,314,275 (3.2%) 40–44 35–39 males: 12,570,419 (3.6%) 35–39 females: 11,771,564 (3.4%) 35–39 30–34 males: 12,170,274 (3.5%) 30–34 females: 11,341,655 (3.2%) 30–34 25–29 males: 11,800,869 (3.4%) 25–29 females: 11,017,155 (3.2%) 25–29 20–24 males: 12,122,102 (3.5%) 20–24 females: 11,402,933 (3.3%) 20–24 15–19 males: 11,671,004 (3.3%) 15–19 females: 11,001,638 (3.2%) 15–19 10–14 males: 10,773,888 (3.1%) 10–14 females: 10,190,129 (2.9%) 10–14 5–9 males: 9,937,547 (2.8%) 5–9 females: 9,464,097 (2.7%) 5–9 0–4 males: 9,548,528 (2.7%) 0–4 females: 9,090,535 (2.6%) 0–4 10%5% Age 5%10%

Key differences between India and United States

Age. United States is the older population, with a median age of 38.7 years against 29.2 in India — a gap of 9.5 years. India has the larger share of children (23.8% under 15 versus 16.9%), while United States has the larger share aged 65 and over (18.8% versus 7.6%).

Births and survival. India’s fertility rate of 1.93 is below the replacement level, and United States’s 1.62 is below it. Life expectancy at birth is 79.8 years in United States and 72.7 in India.

Dependency. The total age dependency ratio is 45.8 in India (34.7 children and 11.1 older people per 100 aged 15–64) and 55.6 in United States (26.3 and 29.3). Similar totals can hide very different mixes of young and old.

Outlook. Between 2026 and 2050, the UN medium scenario has India’s population grows by 14% and United States’s grows by 9%. These are scenario results, not forecasts; how projections work explains the assumptions.

India vs United States: indicators side by side

IndicatorIndiaUnited States
Population, 20261,476,625,576349,035,494
Median age29.2 years38.7 years
Under age 1523.8%16.9%
Aged 15–6468.6%64.3%
Aged 65+7.6%18.8%
Age dependency ratio45.855.6
Fertility rate1.931.62
Life expectancy at birth72.7 years79.8 years
Annual growth+0.9%+0.5%
Males per 100 females106.4101.0
Population, 20501,679,589,259380,846,910
Change, 2026–2050+13.7%+9.1%
Population, 21001,505,251,761421,278,889
Peak year2061Still rising in 2100
Global population rank#1#3

2026, 2050, and 2100 values are UN World Population Prospects 2024 medium-scenario projections.

How the two pyramids could look in 2050

The same scale is kept for the projected charts, so a narrowing base or widening top can be compared directly with the 2026 shapes above.

India population pyramid

2050 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex

Medium projection
India population pyramid for 2050: males on the left and females on the right Male share Female share 100+ males: 78,033 (0.0%) 100+ females: 136,121 (0.0%) 100+ 95–99 males: 585,091 (0.0%) 95–99 females: 917,585 (0.1%) 95–99 90–94 males: 2,464,995 (0.1%) 90–94 females: 3,546,007 (0.2%) 90–94 85–89 males: 6,692,503 (0.4%) 85–89 females: 8,777,443 (0.5%) 85–89 80–84 males: 13,290,255 (0.8%) 80–84 females: 16,118,572 (1.0%) 80–84 75–79 males: 21,851,077 (1.3%) 75–79 females: 24,639,916 (1.5%) 75–79 70–74 males: 31,229,179 (1.9%) 70–74 females: 32,984,634 (2.0%) 70–74 65–69 males: 41,507,478 (2.5%) 65–69 females: 41,810,368 (2.5%) 65–69 60–64 males: 50,166,603 (3.0%) 60–64 females: 49,185,803 (2.9%) 60–64 55–59 males: 56,414,359 (3.4%) 55–59 females: 53,799,879 (3.2%) 55–59 50–54 males: 61,617,291 (3.7%) 50–54 females: 57,338,189 (3.4%) 50–54 45–49 males: 64,840,955 (3.9%) 45–49 females: 59,867,768 (3.6%) 45–49 40–44 males: 63,610,349 (3.8%) 40–44 females: 58,394,477 (3.5%) 40–44 35–39 males: 62,157,840 (3.7%) 35–39 females: 57,008,586 (3.4%) 35–39 30–34 males: 59,426,905 (3.5%) 30–34 females: 54,793,687 (3.3%) 30–34 25–29 males: 56,589,245 (3.4%) 25–29 females: 52,707,039 (3.1%) 25–29 20–24 males: 56,010,431 (3.3%) 20–24 females: 52,699,463 (3.1%) 20–24 15–19 males: 55,241,147 (3.3%) 15–19 females: 52,273,260 (3.1%) 15–19 10–14 males: 53,297,913 (3.2%) 10–14 females: 50,601,433 (3.0%) 10–14 5–9 males: 50,966,680 (3.0%) 5–9 females: 48,462,384 (2.9%) 5–9 0–4 males: 48,933,693 (2.9%) 0–4 females: 46,554,624 (2.8%) 0–4 10%5% Age 5%10%

United States population pyramid

2050 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex

Medium projection
United States population pyramid for 2050: males on the left and females on the right Male share Female share 100+ males: 69,477 (0.0%) 100+ females: 172,360 (0.0%) 100+ 95–99 males: 611,216 (0.2%) 95–99 females: 1,096,375 (0.3%) 95–99 90–94 males: 2,426,001 (0.6%) 90–94 females: 3,438,975 (0.9%) 90–94 85–89 males: 4,931,394 (1.3%) 85–89 females: 6,047,913 (1.6%) 85–89 80–84 males: 6,581,919 (1.7%) 80–84 females: 7,397,668 (1.9%) 80–84 75–79 males: 7,782,560 (2.0%) 75–79 females: 8,263,771 (2.2%) 75–79 70–74 males: 9,070,705 (2.4%) 70–74 females: 9,257,809 (2.4%) 70–74 65–69 males: 10,488,331 (2.8%) 65–69 females: 10,380,074 (2.7%) 65–69 60–64 males: 11,431,944 (3.0%) 60–64 females: 11,022,321 (2.9%) 60–64 55–59 males: 11,760,935 (3.1%) 55–59 females: 11,120,972 (2.9%) 55–59 50–54 males: 11,450,059 (3.0%) 50–54 females: 10,669,129 (2.8%) 50–54 45–49 males: 12,359,138 (3.2%) 45–49 females: 11,525,454 (3.0%) 45–49 40–44 males: 13,334,763 (3.5%) 40–44 females: 12,489,163 (3.3%) 40–44 35–39 males: 12,822,874 (3.4%) 35–39 females: 12,006,618 (3.2%) 35–39 30–34 males: 12,377,229 (3.2%) 30–34 females: 11,643,355 (3.1%) 30–34 25–29 males: 12,010,578 (3.2%) 25–29 females: 11,318,110 (3.0%) 25–29 20–24 males: 11,486,612 (3.0%) 20–24 females: 10,833,506 (2.8%) 20–24 15–19 males: 10,608,560 (2.8%) 15–19 females: 9,976,617 (2.6%) 15–19 10–14 males: 10,611,560 (2.8%) 10–14 females: 9,987,373 (2.6%) 10–14 5–9 males: 10,513,606 (2.8%) 5–9 females: 9,920,705 (2.6%) 5–9 0–4 males: 10,037,615 (2.6%) 0–4 females: 9,511,561 (2.5%) 0–4 10%5% Age 5%10%

What shapes India’s pyramid

India’s pyramid has stopped widening at the base: the largest bands are now young adults aged 15–29, a sign that fertility has fallen to near replacement. Read the full India analysis.

What shapes United States’s pyramid

The US pyramid still bears the baby boom as a broad shoulder at ages 60–79, while immigration keeps its 20–44 bands the widest in a slowly ageing country. Read the full United States analysis.

Explore each country in depth

Questions about India and United States

Which population is older, India or United States?

United States is older: its projected 2026 median age is 38.7 years, compared with 29.2 in India.

Which has a higher fertility rate, India or United States?

India has the higher total fertility rate in 2026: 1.93 births per woman, against 1.62 in United States.

Will India or United States have more people in 2050?

Under the UN medium scenario, India is projected to be larger in 2050, with 1.68B people against 380.8M.