Population Peak Year by Country

Annual series, 1950–2100

See which populations have already reached their highest annual total, which are projected to peak later this century, and which are still rising at the UN projection horizon.

Countries and areas: 237
Earliest peak: Montserrat1950 or earlier
Rank 9: GeorgiaEstimated 1988
End of table: Vatican CityStill rising in 2100

Estimate or projection?

The UN series provides historical estimates through 2023. Figures from 2024 onward—including 2026—are medium-scenario projections, not counts or predictions guaranteed to occur.

Complete population peak year by country ranking

Select any country to inspect its full age-by-sex structure and projections.

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Population Peak Year by Country
Rank	Country or area	Region	Peak timing	Peak population
1	Montserrat	Latin America and the Caribbean	1950 or earlier	12,944
2	Saint Kitts and Nevis	Latin America and the Caribbean	Estimated 1960	55,810
3	Niue	Oceania	Estimated 1966	5,238
4	Cook Islands	Oceania	Estimated 1971	20,869
5	Hungary	Europe	Estimated 1980	10,695,366
5	Dominica	Latin America and the Caribbean	Estimated 1980	73,083
7	Serbia	Europe	Estimated 1987	7,885,358
7	Saint Helena	Africa	Estimated 1987	6,699
9	Bulgaria	Europe	Estimated 1988	8,985,715
9	Georgia	Asia	Estimated 1988	5,500,240
11	Latvia	Europe	Estimated 1989	2,664,836
12	Croatia	Europe	Estimated 1990	4,835,066
12	Estonia	Europe	Estimated 1990	1,570,303
14	Russia	Europe	Estimated 1991	149,448,433
14	Romania	Europe	Estimated 1991	22,947,413
14	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Europe	Estimated 1991	4,458,344
14	Moldova	Europe	Estimated 1991	4,456,608
14	Lithuania	Europe	Estimated 1991	3,701,407
14	Armenia	Asia	Estimated 1991	3,613,977
14	Albania	Europe	Estimated 1991	3,282,602
21	Ukraine	Europe	Estimated 1993	52,350,126
21	Belarus	Europe	Estimated 1993	10,241,320
23	Saint Pierre and Miquelon	Northern America	Estimated 1995	6,436
24	Kosovo	Europe	Estimated 1997	2,197,284
25	Martinique	Latin America and the Caribbean	Estimated 1999	423,889
25	Guadeloupe	Latin America and the Caribbean	Estimated 1999	420,932
27	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Latin America and the Caribbean	Estimated 2000	113,545
27	United States Virgin Islands	Latin America and the Caribbean	Estimated 2000	108,579
27	Northern Mariana Islands	Oceania	Estimated 2000	68,356
30	Puerto Rico	Latin America and the Caribbean	Estimated 2001	3,813,013
31	American Samoa	Oceania	Estimated 2002	57,062
32	Wallis and Futuna Islands	Oceania	Estimated 2003	15,053
33	Palau	Oceania	Estimated 2004	19,820
34	North Macedonia	Europe	Estimated 2005	2,089,807
34	Greenland	Northern America	Estimated 2005	56,950
36	Japan	Asia	Estimated 2009	128,192,470
37	Greece	Europe	Estimated 2010	11,124,670
37	Portugal	Europe	Estimated 2010	10,578,660
37	Marshall Islands	Oceania	Estimated 2010	52,044
40	Isle of Man	Europe	Estimated 2011	84,382
41	Cuba	Latin America and the Caribbean	Estimated 2012	11,303,176
42	Italy	Europe	Estimated 2014	60,664,171
42	Saint Martin (French part)	Latin America and the Caribbean	Estimated 2014	37,450
44	Mauritius	Africa	Estimated 2015	1,292,275
45	Falkland Islands (Malvinas)	Latin America and the Caribbean	Estimated 2018	3,521
46	Taiwan	Asia	Estimated 2019	23,674,138
46	Curaçao	Latin America and the Caribbean	Estimated 2019	189,543
48	South Korea	Asia	Estimated 2020	51,858,482
48	Hong Kong	Asia	Estimated 2020	7,490,236
48	Uruguay	Latin America and the Caribbean	Estimated 2020	3,398,968
48	San Marino	Europe	Estimated 2020	34,769
52	China	Asia	Estimated 2021	1,426,437,267
53	Thailand	Asia	Estimated 2022	71,735,329
53	Bermuda	Northern America	Estimated 2022	64,749
55	Spain	Europe	Estimated 2023	47,911,580
55	Poland	Europe	Estimated 2023	38,762,844
55	Czechia	Europe	Estimated 2023	10,809,716
55	Austria	Europe	Estimated 2023	9,130,429
55	Slovakia	Europe	Estimated 2023	5,518,054
55	Jamaica	Latin America and the Caribbean	Estimated 2023	2,839,786
61	Germany	Europe	Projected 2024	84,552,242
61	Slovenia	Europe	Projected 2024	2,118,696
61	Montenegro	Europe	Projected 2024	638,479
64	Finland	Europe	Projected 2025	5,623,330
65	Aruba	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2026	108,164
66	Trinidad and Tobago	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2028	1,514,375
66	Barbados	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2028	282,793
68	Macao	Asia	Projected 2031	727,318
68	Grenada	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2031	117,472
68	Guernsey	Europe	Projected 2031	64,826
71	North Korea	Asia	Projected 2032	26,801,082
71	Saint Lucia	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2032	181,492
73	Malta	Europe	Projected 2033	557,108
74	Andorra	Europe	Projected 2035	86,174
75	Anguilla	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2036	15,089
76	Antigua and Barbuda	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2038	97,182
77	British Virgin Islands	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2039	41,208
78	Singapore	Asia	Projected 2040	6,194,782
78	French Polynesia	Oceania	Projected 2040	289,169
80	Chile	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2041	20,543,285
80	Netherlands	Europe	Projected 2041	19,066,147
82	Brazil	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2042	219,319,761
82	Denmark	Europe	Projected 2042	6,135,755
82	Seychelles	Africa	Projected 2042	142,620
85	Jersey	Europe	Projected 2043	105,239
86	Belgium	Europe	Projected 2044	11,901,548
86	Costa Rica	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2044	5,381,722
88	Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2045	34,928
89	Turkey	Asia	Projected 2047	91,427,267
89	El Salvador	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2047	6,669,836
89	Saint Barthélemy	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2047	12,818
92	Turks and Caicos Islands	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2048	51,019
93	Vietnam	Asia	Projected 2049	110,018,019
93	Myanmar	Asia	Projected 2049	58,633,122
93	Réunion	Africa	Projected 2049	941,558
93	Iceland	Europe	Projected 2049	432,998
93	Sint Maarten (Dutch part)	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2049	51,016
98	Colombia	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2050	59,385,356
98	Argentina	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2050	48,308,944
98	Azerbaijan	Asia	Projected 2050	11,224,923
98	Norway	Europe	Projected 2050	5,899,829
98	Bahamas	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2050	424,265
103	Sri Lanka	Asia	Projected 2051	24,814,757
103	Tunisia	Africa	Projected 2051	13,148,162
103	Switzerland	Europe	Projected 2051	9,343,512
103	Cabo Verde	Africa	Projected 2051	566,201
107	Cyprus	Asia	Projected 2052	1,509,901
107	Bhutan	Asia	Projected 2052	883,872
109	Iran	Asia	Projected 2053	101,996,363
109	Ireland	Europe	Projected 2053	5,977,056
111	Fiji	Oceania	Projected 2054	1,001,660
112	Brunei	Asia	Projected 2055	521,333
113	Philippines	Asia	Projected 2057	135,179,348
113	Venezuela	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2057	31,213,042
113	Maldives	Asia	Projected 2057	596,762
116	Indonesia	Asia	Projected 2058	322,603,672
116	Mexico	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2058	149,937,283
116	Morocco	Africa	Projected 2058	43,736,171
119	India	Asia	Projected 2061	1,701,283,707
119	Dominican Republic	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2061	13,153,089
119	Luxembourg	Europe	Projected 2061	800,796
122	Ecuador	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2063	21,740,231
122	Eswatini	Africa	Projected 2063	1,541,076
122	Belize	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2063	528,020
125	Peru	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2066	41,700,245
126	Nepal	Asia	Projected 2067	35,799,866
126	Guyana	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2067	960,222
126	New Caledonia	Oceania	Projected 2067	347,687
129	Laos	Asia	Projected 2068	10,166,800
130	Gibraltar	Europe	Projected 2070	51,282
131	Bangladesh	Asia	Projected 2071	226,129,889
131	Nicaragua	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2071	9,236,798
131	Suriname	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2071	752,896
134	United Kingdom	Europe	Projected 2072	76,068,383
134	Malaysia	Asia	Projected 2072	46,390,502
136	Micronesia	Oceania	Projected 2075	133,120
137	Haiti	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2076	15,723,966
137	Timor-Leste	Asia	Projected 2076	2,092,348
139	Guatemala	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2077	27,154,260
140	Cambodia	Asia	Projected 2078	23,387,213
140	Paraguay	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2078	9,287,138
140	New Zealand	Oceania	Projected 2078	5,867,370
143	Sweden	Europe	Projected 2079	11,432,678
143	Turkmenistan	Asia	Projected 2079	10,281,442
143	Faroe Islands	Europe	Projected 2079	65,060
146	Lebanon	Asia	Projected 2080	7,458,250
146	Panama	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2080	6,029,734
148	Tokelau	Oceania	Projected 2081	4,422
149	Lesotho	Africa	Projected 2083	3,312,996
150	Syria	Asia	Projected 2086	44,149,497
150	Bolivia	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2086	17,909,130
150	Libya	Africa	Projected 2086	9,970,720
153	Botswana	Africa	Projected 2088	3,885,442
154	Western Sahara	Africa	Projected 2089	836,624
155	Algeria	Africa	Projected 2090	65,115,474
155	Honduras	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2090	17,135,601
155	Guam	Oceania	Projected 2090	206,963
158	Sierra Leone	Africa	Projected 2092	16,009,636
159	France	Europe	Projected 2095	68,529,647
160	Cayman Islands	Latin America and the Caribbean	Projected 2097	118,127
161	Kenya	Africa	Projected 2098	104,234,508
162	Kiribati	Oceania	Projected 2099	222,649
163	Pakistan	Asia	Still rising in 2100	511,000,618
163	Nigeria	Africa	Still rising in 2100	476,747,781
163	Democratic Republic of the Congo	Africa	Still rising in 2100	430,709,445
163	United States	Northern America	Still rising in 2100	421,278,889
163	Ethiopia	Africa	Still rising in 2100	367,289,596
163	Tanzania	Africa	Still rising in 2100	262,834,721
163	Egypt	Africa	Still rising in 2100	201,895,184
163	Angola	Africa	Still rising in 2100	150,045,574
163	Sudan	Africa	Still rising in 2100	136,890,755
163	Afghanistan	Asia	Still rising in 2100	130,216,739
163	Uganda	Africa	Still rising in 2100	120,835,192
163	Yemen	Asia	Still rising in 2100	110,035,634
163	Mozambique	Africa	Still rising in 2100	104,346,534
163	Ivory Coast	Africa	Still rising in 2100	104,042,819
163	Iraq	Asia	Still rising in 2100	100,649,056
163	South Africa	Africa	Still rising in 2100	94,314,448
163	Niger	Africa	Still rising in 2100	90,819,274
163	Cameroon	Africa	Still rising in 2100	88,875,688
163	Madagascar	Africa	Still rising in 2100	85,341,148
163	Mali	Africa	Still rising in 2100	79,354,048
163	Uzbekistan	Asia	Still rising in 2100	74,350,006
163	Saudi Arabia	Asia	Still rising in 2100	71,006,690
163	Chad	Africa	Still rising in 2100	69,546,607
163	Ghana	Africa	Still rising in 2100	67,547,746
163	Somalia	Africa	Still rising in 2100	67,364,024
163	Zambia	Africa	Still rising in 2100	64,473,916
163	Malawi	Africa	Still rising in 2100	59,141,258
163	Canada	Northern America	Still rising in 2100	53,612,234
163	Burkina Faso	Africa	Still rising in 2100	49,854,228
163	Senegal	Africa	Still rising in 2100	47,014,186
163	Australia	Oceania	Still rising in 2100	43,143,685
163	Benin	Africa	Still rising in 2100	39,587,568
163	Burundi	Africa	Still rising in 2100	37,873,961
163	Zimbabwe	Africa	Still rising in 2100	37,166,572
163	Kazakhstan	Asia	Still rising in 2100	33,672,181
163	Rwanda	Africa	Still rising in 2100	32,779,346
163	Guinea	Africa	Still rising in 2100	32,007,047
163	Togo	Africa	Still rising in 2100	26,300,754
163	United Arab Emirates	Asia	Still rising in 2100	26,134,299
163	South Sudan	Africa	Still rising in 2100	23,840,772
163	Jordan	Asia	Still rising in 2100	21,322,926
163	Tajikistan	Asia	Still rising in 2100	20,201,583
163	Republic of the Congo	Africa	Still rising in 2100	20,025,644
163	Israel	Asia	Still rising in 2100	19,747,040
163	Central African Republic	Africa	Still rising in 2100	18,779,149
163	Papua New Guinea	Oceania	Still rising in 2100	18,640,541
163	Mauritania	Africa	Still rising in 2100	17,118,469
163	Liberia	Africa	Still rising in 2100	12,665,394
163	Oman	Asia	Still rising in 2100	12,094,996
163	Kyrgyzstan	Asia	Still rising in 2100	11,729,827
163	State of Palestine	Asia	Still rising in 2100	11,482,186
163	Kuwait	Asia	Still rising in 2100	9,602,014
163	Eritrea	Africa	Still rising in 2100	8,444,382
163	Qatar	Asia	Still rising in 2100	7,272,256
163	Gabon	Africa	Still rising in 2100	6,903,322
163	Namibia	Africa	Still rising in 2100	5,897,944
163	Gambia	Africa	Still rising in 2100	5,703,042
163	Mongolia	Asia	Still rising in 2100	5,519,345
163	Equatorial Guinea	Africa	Still rising in 2100	5,003,223
163	Guinea-Bissau	Africa	Still rising in 2100	4,665,484
163	Bahrain	Asia	Still rising in 2100	3,090,323
163	Comoros	Africa	Still rising in 2100	1,911,034
163	Solomon Islands	Oceania	Still rising in 2100	1,849,209
163	Djibouti	Africa	Still rising in 2100	1,841,534
163	Mayotte	Africa	Still rising in 2100	1,375,551
163	Vanuatu	Oceania	Still rising in 2100	875,479
163	French Guiana	Latin America and the Caribbean	Still rising in 2100	775,238
163	Sao Tome and Principe	Africa	Still rising in 2100	534,014
163	Samoa	Oceania	Still rising in 2100	383,557
163	Tonga	Oceania	Still rising in 2100	117,871
163	Monaco	Europe	Still rising in 2100	47,489
163	Liechtenstein	Europe	Still rising in 2100	43,598
163	Nauru	Oceania	Still rising in 2100	20,663
163	Tuvalu	Oceania	Still rising in 2100	12,269
163	Vatican City	Europe	Still rising in 2100	1,361

What this ranking measures—and what it does not

Definition

Peak timing uses the highest 1 July population in the annual WPP 2024 series from 1950 through 2100. A maximum at the first year is reported as “1950 or earlier”; a population still rising at the 2100 boundary is not assigned a peak.

Why it matters

Peak timing separates present decline from future stabilization and continued growth. It also shows why a single current growth rate cannot describe a country’s full trajectory.

Read with care

Historical values are estimates and future values are medium-scenario projections. A projected turning point can move substantially after revisions or under different fertility and migration assumptions.

What stands out in this comparison

Montserrat leads with 1950 or earlier, while Georgia is at rank 9 with Estimated 1988. At the other end of the complete table, Vatican City has Still rising in 2100.

Those positions describe this particular indicator, definition, and reference period. They do not imply that every country near the top has the same population pyramid or demographic path. Open the profiles to compare the underlying cohorts.

First five

Montserrat — rank 1, 1950 or earlier; peak population 12,944.
Saint Kitts and Nevis — rank 2, Estimated 1960; peak population 55,810.
Niue — rank 3, Estimated 1966; peak population 5,238.
Cook Islands — rank 4, Estimated 1971; peak population 20,869.
Hungary — rank 5, Estimated 1980; peak population 10,695,366.

Other end of the table

Vatican City — rank 163, Still rising in 2100; peak population 1,361.
Tuvalu — rank 163, Still rising in 2100; peak population 12,269.
Nauru — rank 163, Still rising in 2100; peak population 20,663.
Liechtenstein — rank 163, Still rising in 2100; peak population 43,598.
Monaco — rank 163, Still rising in 2100; peak population 47,489.

Questions about this ranking

Which country or area ranks first for peak timing?

Montserrat ranks first in this comparison with 1950 or earlier. The table uses annual series, 1950–2100 from UN World Population Prospects 2024.

Which values are estimates and which are projections?

In World Population Prospects 2024, historical estimates run through 2023 and values from 2024 onward are projections. The peak-year table labels historical and projected results separately.

Why might another source show a different rank?

Sources can use different reference dates, revisions, country definitions, estimation methods, or projection scenarios. Close ranks can also change after revisions.