Djibouti population pyramid 2026
1,199,459 people in 2026 (projected). Djibouti’s pyramid has stopped widening at the base: fertility has fallen from 4.6 to 2.5 since 2000, and the five bands under 25 are almost equal.
- 2026 population
- 1.2Mrank 161 of 237
- Median age
- 25.2 yearsoldest rank 168
- Fertility rate
- 2.54births per woman · above replacement
- Structure
- Transitional5.1% age 65+
Djibouti population pyramid
2026 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex
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The UN series provides historical estimates through 2023. Figures from 2024 onward—including 2026—are medium-scenario projections, not counts or predictions guaranteed to occur.
Djibouti age distribution in 2026
Children under 15 account for 28.5% of the population, while 5.1% are aged 65 or older. The remaining 66.4% are in the conventional working-age range of 15–64. On these shares, the site classifies Djibouti’s age structure as transitional; the guide to population pyramid types explains what that shape implies.
The total age dependency ratio is 50.5: about 51 people under 15 or 65+ for every 100 people aged 15–64 (42.8 children and 7.7 older people). This is an age-balance indicator, not a literal count of economic dependants per worker.
What shapes Djibouti’s population pyramid
A port that became a country
In 1950 the territory that is now Djibouti had about 62,000 inhabitants. By 2026 it has about 1.2 million, most of them living in the capital, which grew around the port and the railway to Ethiopia. That nineteenfold increase came from both natural growth and immigration. The UN series records net immigration of about 294,000 between 1950 and 1999, a period that included independence from France in 1977 and wars in neighbouring Ethiopia and Somalia that sent refugees across the borders. Since 2000 recorded net migration has been small, about 34,000 over 2000–23.
A rapid fall in fertility
Fertility stayed near seven children per woman until the 1970s and then fell steeply: to about 4.6 in 2000, 3.4 in 2010 and 2.6 in 2023. Life expectancy rose over the same decades, from about 41 years in 1950 to 66 in 2023. The pyramid records the change clearly. In 2000 it was a regular triangle, each band smaller than the one below. By 2026 the five bands under 25 are almost equal in size, meaning that the annual number of births stopped rising in the early 2000s. The 20–24 band, born about 2002–06, is now the largest, about 9% above its neighbours.
That shape makes Djibouti’s age structure today closer to those of Bolivia, Nicaragua and Nepal than to that of its much larger neighbour Ethiopia, where fertility remains higher.
Growth without a widening base
Births still outnumber deaths by more than two and a half to one, about 24,500 against 9,000 in 2026, largely because the large cohorts born in the 1990s and early 2000s are now in their main childbearing years. The sexes are balanced up to the thirties; from the forties women increasingly outnumber men, with 89 men per 100 women at 60–64 and 82 at 70–74.
Under the medium scenario fertility reaches about replacement level, 2.05, by 2050, and the bands from 0 to 29 are then all close to 120,000. The population rises slowly to about 1.5 million in 2050 and 1.8 million in 2100, while the pyramid moves towards the stationary shape of a population that is no longer growing at the base.
What to notice across the years
Distinctive cohorts and turning points
No five-year band under age 80 is more than 10% larger or smaller than both of its neighbours, so Djibouti’s 2026 pyramid has a comparatively smooth profile without sharp bulges or notches.
In the UN medium scenario births outnumber deaths in every year through 2100. People aged 65 and older are projected to outnumber children under 15 by 2095.
Births, deaths, and migration
A pyramid changes in only three ways: births add to the base, deaths remove people at every age, and migration adds or removes people mainly in young adulthood. In 2026, Djibouti is projected to record 24,494 births (about 67 births a day) and 9,028 deaths, a natural increase of 15,466. Net migration adds +302 people, ranking #84 in the net migration rate ranking.
Between 2000 and 2023 the UN estimates 591,144 births, 200,277 deaths, and cumulative net migration of +34,003. Over that period the balance of births and deaths moved the total more than migration did. See how migration shapes a pyramid and birth rate versus fertility rate. The medium scenario assumes net migration of +10,515 between 2026 and 2050.
Annual values 1950–2100; dashed lines after 2023 are the UN medium projection. The trend table below lists the values by decade.
Life expectancy and mortality
- Life expectancy, women
- 69.2 years42.8 in 1950
- Life expectancy, men
- 64.1 years38.7 in 1950
- Further years at 65
- 14.4 yearsboth sexes
- Infant mortality
- 34.0per 1,000 births · 167 in 1950
- Under-five mortality
- 47.1per 1,000 births
- Mother’s mean age at birth
- 31.5 yearssex ratio at birth 103.7
Women in Djibouti are projected to live 5.1 years longer than men, which is why the female side of the pyramid widens relative to the other at older ages (see the life expectancy gap ranking). Infant mortality has fallen from 167 to 34.0 deaths per 1,000 live births since 1950, ranking #30 of 237 in the infant mortality ranking (highest first). A mean age at childbearing of 31.5 years sets the spacing between generations, and so how far apart echo cohorts sit in the pyramid.
Median age, fertility rate, and global ranks for Djibouti
The median age of 25.2 years splits the population into two equal halves. A total fertility rate of 2.54 births per woman is above the replacement level of roughly 2.1, and life expectancy at birth is 66.6 years.
These ranks compare all 237 countries and areas in this dataset using the same 2026 UN medium projection. Ranks use the stored source precision, so displayed rounding can make adjacent values look identical; small differences should not be overinterpreted.
| Indicator | 2026 value | Global rank | Ranking direction |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 1,199,459 | #161 | Largest first |
| Median age | 25.2 years | #168 | Oldest first |
| Fertility rate | 2.54 | #74 | Highest first |
| Annual growth | +1.3% | #78 | Fastest first |
| Life expectancy | 66.6 years | #205 | Highest first |
| Population aged 65+ | 5.1% | #167 | Highest share first |
Largest age groups in Djibouti
The five largest cohorts identify where the 2026 population is concentrated. They can reflect past birth patterns, survival, and migration; the chart alone does not establish which cause dominates.
| Rank | Age group | Population | Share of total | Male / female |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 20–24 | 118,272 | 9.9% | 59.4K / 58.9K |
| 2 | 0–4 | 116,122 | 9.7% | 58.9K / 57.2K |
| 3 | 15–19 | 114,185 | 9.5% | 57.5K / 56.7K |
| 4 | 5–9 | 112,665 | 9.4% | 57K / 55.7K |
| 5 | 10–14 | 112,553 | 9.4% | 56.8K / 55.7K |
Sex ratio and the balance by age
In the 2026 projection, Djibouti has 594,304 males and 605,156 females. That is 98.2 males per 100 females, ranking #120 when the dataset is ordered from the highest male-to-female ratio to the lowest.
Males account for 49.5% of the population and females for 50.5%. There are 10,852 more females than males overall. Among people aged 65 and older, the ratio is 80.8 males per 100 females.
The overall balance can conceal large differences by age; how sex ratios change with age explains the usual pattern. The ratio reflects the male/female categories in the UN source and is not a measure of gender identity. Compare all profiles in the sex-ratio ranking.
At birth, 103.7 boys are projected to be born for every 100 girls in 2026, close to the biological norm of about 105 (compare the sex ratio at birth ranking). The ratio at birth sets the balance at the base of the pyramid; how it changes with age then depends on survival and migration.
How Djibouti has changed since 1950
The population has increased from 62,330 in 1950 to 1,199,459 in 2026, a change of 1824%. Over the same span, median age moved from 15.6 to 25.2 years.
The under-15 share changed from 46.5% to 28.5%, while the share aged 65 and older changed from 2.0% to 5.1%. These shifts show why total population growth and age-structure change need to be read separately.
How the population could change by 2050
Under the UN medium scenario, Djibouti’s population is projected to grow by about 28%, reaching 1,530,540 in 2050. The median age changes from 25.2 to 31.2 years.
The 65+ share is projected to rise by 4.8 percentage points to 9.9%. At the same time, the under-15 share is projected at 23.2%. How UN projections work explains the assumptions behind these figures.
The population is still rising at the end of the UN medium projection in 2100, when it reaches 1,841,534. The page therefore does not assign a peak year beyond the available horizon.
Population trend: 1950–2100
Mid-year population for every year. Estimates through 2023; dashed line shows the UN medium projection.
| Year | Population | Median age | Fertility | Life exp. | Births | Deaths | Net migration | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 62,330 | 15.6 | 6.82 | 40.7 | 2,821 | 1,412 | +533 | +3.1% |
| 1960 | 86,024 | 16.6 | 6.85 | 43.4 | 4,034 | 1,736 | +886 | +3.7% |
| 1970 | 145,175 | 16.7 | 6.88 | 47.5 | 6,749 | 2,500 | +5,004 | +6.4% |
| 1980 | 325,815 | 16.1 | 6.46 | 52.0 | 13,681 | 4,494 | +10,121 | +5.9% |
| 1990 | 579,538 | 16.8 | 5.93 | 55.5 | 21,559 | 6,485 | +49,970 | +11.2% |
| 2000 | 747,318 | 18.9 | 4.60 | 56.7 | 25,005 | 7,990 | +5,632 | +3.0% |
| 2010 | 930,252 | 20.7 | 3.43 | 60.7 | 24,457 | 8,233 | +2,129 | +2.0% |
| 2020 | 1,105,188 | 23.5 | 2.75 | 64.2 | 23,847 | 8,878 | +1,300 | +1.5% |
| 2023 | 1,152,944 | 24.4 | 2.61 | 66.0 | 23,946 | 8,596 | +500 | +1.4% |
| 2024* | 1,168,722 | 24.7 | 2.62 | 66.2 | 24,462 | 8,750 | −11 | +1.3% |
| 2026* | 1,199,459 | 25.2 | 2.54 | 66.6 | 24,494 | 9,028 | +302 | +1.3% |
| 2030* | 1,262,678 | 26.3 | 2.42 | 67.4 | 24,808 | 9,638 | +448 | +1.2% |
| 2040* | 1,406,635 | 29.0 | 2.19 | 69.2 | 24,673 | 11,450 | +1,901 | +1.1% |
| 2050* | 1,530,540 | 31.2 | 2.05 | 70.8 | 23,641 | 13,713 | +551 | +0.7% |
| 2060* | 1,641,580 | 32.9 | 1.95 | 72.3 | 23,747 | 15,843 | +1,410 | +0.6% |
| 2070* | 1,721,909 | 34.7 | 1.87 | 73.8 | 23,319 | 17,393 | +467 | +0.4% |
| 2080* | 1,776,612 | 36.4 | 1.83 | 75.3 | 22,375 | 18,895 | −734 | +0.1% |
| 2090* | 1,816,933 | 37.7 | 1.79 | 76.7 | 21,984 | 20,116 | +767 | +0.1% |
| 2100* | 1,841,534 | 38.8 | 1.77 | 78.1 | 21,498 | 20,723 | −83 | +0.0% |
* 2024 onward is the UN medium projection. Fertility is births per woman; life expectancy is years at birth; births, deaths, and net migration are counts for that calendar year.
Download every year, 1950–2100 (CSV)
2026 population by age and sex
The table provides the counts behind the chart. Age groups are five-year bands, with everyone aged 100 or older combined.
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–4 | 58,885 | 57,237 | 116,122 | 9.7% |
| 5–9 | 56,991 | 55,674 | 112,665 | 9.4% |
| 10–14 | 56,814 | 55,739 | 112,553 | 9.4% |
| 15–19 | 57,518 | 56,667 | 114,185 | 9.5% |
| 20–24 | 59,359 | 58,913 | 118,272 | 9.9% |
| 25–29 | 51,801 | 51,919 | 103,720 | 8.6% |
| 30–34 | 46,434 | 46,817 | 93,251 | 7.8% |
| 35–39 | 41,431 | 42,113 | 83,544 | 7.0% |
| 40–44 | 36,511 | 37,614 | 74,125 | 6.2% |
| 45–49 | 33,237 | 34,811 | 68,048 | 5.7% |
| 50–54 | 28,758 | 30,646 | 59,404 | 5.0% |
| 55–59 | 22,589 | 24,582 | 47,171 | 3.9% |
| 60–64 | 16,627 | 18,581 | 35,208 | 2.9% |
| 65–69 | 11,570 | 13,425 | 24,995 | 2.1% |
| 70–74 | 7,531 | 9,184 | 16,715 | 1.4% |
| 75–79 | 4,908 | 6,335 | 11,243 | 0.9% |
| 80–84 | 2,355 | 3,281 | 5,636 | 0.5% |
| 85–89 | 806 | 1,254 | 2,060 | 0.2% |
| 90–94 | 162 | 318 | 480 | 0.0% |
| 95–99 | 16 | 44 | 60 | 0.0% |
| 100+ | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0.0% |
Countries with the most similar age structure
These profiles have the 2026 age distributions closest to Djibouti’s, measured by the total difference in the share of the population in each five-year band. Similar shapes can arise from very different histories, so the match is a starting point for comparison, not an explanation.
- Bolivia98% overlap · median age 25.5
- Nicaragua98% overlap · median age 26.3
- Nepal98% overlap · median age 25.7
- Jordan97% overlap · median age 24.9
- Laos97% overlap · median age 25.3
- Bangladesh97% overlap · median age 26.3
To calculate school-age, working-age, or older groups with other boundaries, use the age-group calculator for Djibouti.
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APA
World Population Pyramid. (2026, October 19). Djibouti Population Pyramid 2026. https://worldpopulationpyramid.com/countries/djibouti/
MLA
“Djibouti Population Pyramid 2026.” World Population Pyramid, 19 Oct. 2026, worldpopulationpyramid.com/countries/djibouti/.
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World Population Pyramid. “Djibouti Population Pyramid 2026.” Last modified October 19, 2026. https://worldpopulationpyramid.com/countries/djibouti/.
Underlying data: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024.
Frequently asked questions
What is the population of Djibouti in 2026?
Under the UN World Population Prospects 2024 medium scenario, Djibouti's population in 2026 is projected at 1,199,459.
What is the median age in Djibouti?
The projected median age in Djibouti in 2026 is 25.2 years: half the population is younger and half is older.
What is the fertility rate in Djibouti?
The projected total fertility rate in 2026 is 2.54 births per woman, above the replacement level of about 2.1 in low-mortality populations.
Is Djibouti's population projected to grow?
Between 2026 and 2050, the UN medium scenario indicates the population will grow by about 28%, from 1.2M to 1.5M.
What share of Djibouti is aged 65 or older?
In 2026, 5.1% of the projected population is aged 65 or older. By 2050, the medium scenario places the share at 9.9%.
How many babies are born in Djibouti each year?
The UN medium scenario projects 24,494 births and 9,028 deaths in 2026, about 67 births a day. Births exceed deaths by 15,466.
What is life expectancy in Djibouti for men and women?
Life expectancy at birth in 2026 is projected at 69.2 years for women and 64.1 years for men, a gap of 5.1 years in favour of women.
Does Djibouti have more immigrants or emigrants?
Djibouti is projected to gain about 302 more people through migration than it loses in 2026. Between 2000 and 2023 the UN estimates cumulative net migration of +34,003.
What is the sex ratio in Djibouti?
The projected 2026 population sex ratio is 98.2 males per 100 females. This all-age ratio is different from the sex ratio at birth and can vary substantially by age.
Sources and notes
- United Nations, DESA, Population Division: World Population Prospects 2024, medium scenario.
- Population values are mid-year figures. Source values published in thousands are converted to people; displayed figures may imply more precision than is appropriate for planning.
- Historical values through 2023 are estimates. Values from 2024 onward are projections.
- Calculations follow the site methodology.