Net Migration Rate by Country in 2026

2026 medium projection

Net migration is the difference between people arriving and people leaving. Because migrants are mostly young adults, sustained migration reshapes the middle of a pyramid more than any other force.

Countries and areas: 237
Highest-ranked: Vatican City+25.7
Rank 10: Seychelles+10.1
End of table: Marshall Islands-44.9

Estimate or projection?

The UN series provides historical estimates through 2023. Figures from 2024 onward—including 2026—are medium-scenario projections, not counts or predictions guaranteed to occur.

Complete net migration rate by country in 2026 ranking

Select any country to inspect its full age-by-sex structure and projections.

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Net Migration Rate by Country in 2026
Rank	Country or area	Region	Net migrants per 1,000	Net migrants in 2026
1	Vatican City	Europe	+25.7	+13
2	Tokelau	Oceania	+16.1	+43
3	Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba	Latin America and the Caribbean	+15.9	+509
4	Oman	Asia	+14.1	+79,740
5	Saint Barthélemy	Latin America and the Caribbean	+12.4	+143
6	Gibraltar	Europe	+11.8	+480
7	Syria	Asia	+11.6	+305,822
8	Cayman Islands	Latin America and the Caribbean	+11.5	+888
9	Sint Maarten (Dutch part)	Latin America and the Caribbean	+10.9	+485
10	Seychelles	Africa	+10.1	+1,367
11	Andorra	Europe	+9.0	+751
12	Bahrain	Asia	+8.5	+14,280
13	Qatar	Asia	+7.8	+24,791
14	Western Sahara	Africa	+7.7	+4,689
15	United Arab Emirates	Asia	+7.6	+87,401
16	Canada	Northern America	+7.2	+291,403
16	Luxembourg	Europe	+7.2	+4,938
18	Ireland	Europe	+6.0	+32,022
18	Kuwait	Asia	+6.0	+30,696
20	Faroe Islands	Europe	+5.5	+311
21	Cyprus	Asia	+5.2	+7,210
21	Jordan	Asia	+5.2	+60,699
21	United Kingdom	Europe	+5.2	+364,099
24	Iceland	Europe	+5.0	+2,027
25	Australia	Oceania	+4.8	+131,706
25	Liechtenstein	Europe	+4.8	+193
25	Netherlands	Europe	+4.8	+89,379
28	Sudan	Africa	+4.7	+252,038
29	Malaysia	Asia	+4.4	+159,001
30	Sweden	Europe	+4.0	+42,755
31	Jersey	Europe	+3.9	+402
31	Malta	Europe	+3.9	+2,157
33	San Marino	Europe	+3.8	+127
33	Switzerland	Europe	+3.8	+34,096
35	United States	Northern America	+3.4	+1,177,848
36	Turks and Caicos Islands	Latin America and the Caribbean	+3.2	+151
37	New Zealand	Oceania	+3.1	+16,435
37	Saudi Arabia	Asia	+3.1	+108,660
39	Denmark	Europe	+3.0	+18,360
39	Guernsey	Europe	+3.0	+196
41	Monaco	Europe	+2.8	+106
42	British Virgin Islands	Latin America and the Caribbean	+2.6	+105
43	Belgium	Europe	+2.5	+29,607
43	Curaçao	Latin America and the Caribbean	+2.5	+462
45	Chile	Latin America and the Caribbean	+2.4	+48,106
46	Anguilla	Latin America and the Caribbean	+2.3	+33
46	Finland	Europe	+2.3	+12,666
46	Russia	Europe	+2.3	+324,924
46	Singapore	Asia	+2.3	+13,379
50	Bahamas	Latin America and the Caribbean	+2.2	+902
51	Colombia	Latin America and the Caribbean	+2.1	+115,815
51	Norway	Europe	+2.1	+12,047
53	South Africa	Africa	+2.0	+131,684
54	Germany	Europe	+1.9	+158,442
54	Isle of Man	Europe	+1.9	+158
56	Equatorial Guinea	Africa	+1.8	+3,533
56	Solomon Islands	Oceania	+1.8	+1,570
56	Spain	Europe	+1.8	+85,305
59	Portugal	Europe	+1.6	+16,968
60	Austria	Europe	+1.5	+13,212
60	Greece	Europe	+1.5	+14,649
60	Turkmenistan	Asia	+1.5	+11,792
63	Hungary	Europe	+1.4	+12,936
63	Israel	Asia	+1.4	+13,023
65	Czechia	Europe	+1.3	+13,400
65	France	Europe	+1.3	+88,533
67	New Caledonia	Oceania	+1.2	+348
67	Panama	Latin America and the Caribbean	+1.2	+5,665
67	Slovenia	Europe	+1.2	+2,609
67	South Korea	Asia	+1.2	+62,644
71	Japan	Asia	+1.1	+128,619
71	Macao	Asia	+1.1	+826
73	Italy	Europe	+1.0	+58,272
73	Niue	Oceania	+1.0	+2
75	Belize	Latin America and the Caribbean	+0.9	+392
76	Bhutan	Asia	+0.8	+633
76	Somalia	Africa	+0.8	+15,364
78	Aruba	Latin America and the Caribbean	+0.7	+73
78	Azerbaijan	Asia	+0.7	+7,708
78	Iran	Asia	+0.7	+66,848
81	South Sudan	Africa	+0.6	+7,974
82	Gabon	Africa	+0.4	+1,152
82	Thailand	Asia	+0.4	+29,200
84	Djibouti	Africa	+0.3	+302
84	Georgia	Asia	+0.3	+1,215
84	Libya	Africa	+0.3	+2,610
84	Puerto Rico	Latin America and the Caribbean	+0.3	+1,056
84	Zambia	Africa	+0.3	+6,939
89	Costa Rica	Latin America and the Caribbean	+0.2	+966
89	Ethiopia	Africa	+0.2	+27,298
89	Ivory Coast	Africa	+0.2	+6,535
89	Peru	Latin America and the Caribbean	+0.2	+6,707
89	Saint Kitts and Nevis	Latin America and the Caribbean	+0.2	+11
94	Argentina	Latin America and the Caribbean	+0.1	+2,316
94	Malawi	Africa	+0.1	+1,348
94	Trinidad and Tobago	Latin America and the Caribbean	+0.1	+160
97	Antigua and Barbuda	Latin America and the Caribbean	0.0	-2
97	Brunei	Asia	0.0	+8
97	Kyrgyzstan	Asia	0.0	+39
97	Mayotte	Africa	0.0	-2
97	Mongolia	Asia	0.0	+12
97	Namibia	Africa	0.0	+47
97	Nigeria	Africa	0.0	-2,810
97	Papua New Guinea	Oceania	0.0	-534
97	Saint Helena	Africa	0.0	0
97	Slovakia	Europe	0.0	+134
107	Angola	Africa	-0.1	-4,270
107	Bermuda	Northern America	-0.1	-9
107	Indonesia	Asia	-0.1	-39,472
107	Madagascar	Africa	-0.1	-2,665
107	North Korea	Asia	-0.1	-2,809
107	Uzbekistan	Asia	-0.1	-4,517
113	Bolivia	Latin America and the Caribbean	-0.2	-3,157
113	China	Asia	-0.2	-232,107
113	Democratic Republic of the Congo	Africa	-0.2	-28,843
113	Latvia	Europe	-0.2	-360
113	Liberia	Africa	-0.2	-1,051
113	Poland	Europe	-0.2	-7,971
113	Ukraine	Europe	-0.2	-6,229
120	Barbados	Latin America and the Caribbean	-0.3	-98
120	India	Asia	-0.3	-440,456
120	Iraq	Asia	-0.3	-13,102
120	Saint Lucia	Latin America and the Caribbean	-0.3	-49
120	Tanzania	Africa	-0.3	-25,275
120	Vanuatu	Oceania	-0.3	-113
126	Belarus	Europe	-0.4	-3,608
126	Benin	Africa	-0.4	-6,318
126	Egypt	Africa	-0.4	-52,287
126	Guatemala	Latin America and the Caribbean	-0.4	-7,432
126	Honduras	Latin America and the Caribbean	-0.4	-4,603
126	Niger	Africa	-0.4	-10,620
126	Uruguay	Latin America and the Caribbean	-0.4	-1,413
133	Estonia	Europe	-0.5	-716
133	Republic of the Congo	Africa	-0.5	-3,298
133	Rwanda	Africa	-0.5	-7,003
133	Vietnam	Asia	-0.5	-51,045
133	Yemen	Asia	-0.5	-22,178
138	Algeria	Africa	-0.6	-28,841
138	Cameroon	Africa	-0.6	-18,922
138	Kazakhstan	Asia	-0.6	-12,814
138	Kenya	Africa	-0.6	-34,838
142	Croatia	Europe	-0.7	-2,491
142	Ghana	Africa	-0.7	-24,195
142	Myanmar	Asia	-0.7	-40,682
142	Senegal	Africa	-0.7	-13,429
142	Taiwan	Asia	-0.7	-15,041
147	Ecuador	Latin America and the Caribbean	-0.8	-13,851
147	Guinea-Bissau	Africa	-0.8	-1,893
147	Mexico	Latin America and the Caribbean	-0.8	-109,844
150	Bulgaria	Europe	-0.9	-5,722
150	Serbia	Europe	-0.9	-5,883
152	Brazil	Latin America and the Caribbean	-1.0	-205,642
152	Gambia	Africa	-1.0	-2,894
154	Lebanon	Asia	-1.1	-6,685
154	Mauritania	Africa	-1.1	-5,842
156	Afghanistan	Asia	-1.2	-53,884
156	Burkina Faso	Africa	-1.2	-28,309
156	Nicaragua	Latin America and the Caribbean	-1.2	-8,485
156	Palau	Oceania	-1.2	-22
156	Philippines	Asia	-1.2	-144,275
156	Timor-Leste	Asia	-1.2	-1,695
156	Tunisia	Africa	-1.2	-14,794
163	Guinea	Africa	-1.3	-19,725
163	Sri Lanka	Asia	-1.3	-30,760
163	Togo	Africa	-1.3	-12,642
166	Laos	Asia	-1.4	-11,125
166	Sierra Leone	Africa	-1.4	-12,277
168	Mozambique	Africa	-1.5	-55,988
168	Romania	Europe	-1.5	-28,982
168	Suriname	Latin America and the Caribbean	-1.5	-965
171	Botswana	Africa	-1.6	-4,169
171	Morocco	Africa	-1.6	-60,886
173	Grenada	Latin America and the Caribbean	-1.7	-199
173	Hong Kong	Asia	-1.7	-12,576
173	Lithuania	Europe	-1.7	-4,846
173	Paraguay	Latin America and the Caribbean	-1.7	-12,243
173	Saint Pierre and Miquelon	Northern America	-1.7	-9
178	Tajikistan	Asia	-1.8	-20,198
179	Cambodia	Asia	-1.9	-34,323
180	Cuba	Latin America and the Caribbean	-2.0	-22,086
180	Eritrea	Africa	-2.0	-7,520
180	Lesotho	Africa	-2.0	-4,876
180	Mali	Africa	-2.0	-52,609
184	Bangladesh	Asia	-2.1	-371,398
184	Mauritius	Africa	-2.1	-2,679
186	Montserrat	Latin America and the Caribbean	-2.3	-10
186	Réunion	Africa	-2.3	-2,079
186	Uganda	Africa	-2.3	-121,799
189	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Europe	-2.4	-7,581
189	Burundi	Africa	-2.4	-35,108
189	French Guiana	Latin America and the Caribbean	-2.4	-765
192	Cabo Verde	Africa	-2.5	-1,338
192	Comoros	Africa	-2.5	-2,225
192	Turkey	Asia	-2.5	-217,896
195	Central African Republic	Africa	-2.7	-15,608
195	Haiti	Latin America and the Caribbean	-2.7	-31,968
197	Guam	Oceania	-2.8	-471
197	Sao Tome and Principe	Africa	-2.8	-691
199	Dominican Republic	Latin America and the Caribbean	-3.0	-35,038
200	Kiribati	Oceania	-3.2	-441
200	North Macedonia	Europe	-3.2	-5,731
200	Venezuela	Latin America and the Caribbean	-3.2	-92,869
200	Zimbabwe	Africa	-3.2	-54,620
204	State of Palestine	Asia	-3.5	-20,055
205	Fiji	Oceania	-3.6	-3,385
206	Dominica	Latin America and the Caribbean	-3.7	-241
206	El Salvador	Latin America and the Caribbean	-3.7	-23,530
208	Guadeloupe	Latin America and the Caribbean	-3.9	-1,442
208	Maldives	Asia	-3.9	-2,079
210	French Polynesia	Oceania	-4.1	-1,158
210	Jamaica	Latin America and the Caribbean	-4.1	-11,683
212	Eswatini	Africa	-4.3	-5,493
212	United States Virgin Islands	Latin America and the Caribbean	-4.3	-360
214	Pakistan	Asia	-4.4	-1,144,738
215	Greenland	Northern America	-4.5	-249
215	Montenegro	Europe	-4.5	-2,824
217	Falkland Islands (Malvinas)	Latin America and the Caribbean	-4.6	-16
218	Chad	Africa	-5.2	-112,304
219	Guyana	Latin America and the Caribbean	-5.7	-4,787
219	Moldova	Europe	-5.7	-16,732
221	Martinique	Latin America and the Caribbean	-6.7	-2,264
222	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Latin America and the Caribbean	-6.8	-671
223	Wallis and Futuna Islands	Oceania	-7.2	-80
224	Albania	Europe	-8.2	-22,595
225	Kosovo	Europe	-8.4	-14,025
226	Armenia	Asia	-9.2	-27,000
226	Nauru	Oceania	-9.2	-111
228	Micronesia	Oceania	-9.8	-1,121
229	Nepal	Asia	-9.9	-292,014
230	Samoa	Oceania	-12.7	-2,792
231	Northern Mariana Islands	Oceania	-18.4	-790
232	Tonga	Oceania	-20.5	-2,117
233	American Samoa	Oceania	-22.1	-1,004
234	Tuvalu	Oceania	-24.0	-225
235	Cook Islands	Oceania	-32.6	-419
236	Saint Martin (French part)	Latin America and the Caribbean	-43.3	-1,034
237	Marshall Islands	Oceania	-44.9	-1,575

What this ranking measures—and what it does not

Definition

Immigrants minus emigrants during the year per 1,000 people in the mid-year population. Positive values mean more arrivals than departures; negative values mean net emigration.

Why it matters

In many low-fertility countries migration is the only source of population growth. In others, emigration of young adults leaves visible gaps in the working-age bands.

Read with care

Migration is the hardest component to measure and to project. The medium scenario assumes migration levels that may change quickly with economic conditions, conflict, or policy.

What stands out in this comparison

Vatican City leads with +25.7, while Seychelles is at rank 10 with +10.1. At the other end of the complete table, Marshall Islands has -44.9.

Those positions describe this particular indicator, definition, and reference period. They do not imply that every country near the top has the same population pyramid or demographic path. Open the profiles to compare the underlying cohorts.

First five

Vatican City — rank 1, +25.7; net migrants in 2026 +13.
Tokelau — rank 2, +16.1; net migrants in 2026 +43.
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba — rank 3, +15.9; net migrants in 2026 +509.
Oman — rank 4, +14.1; net migrants in 2026 +79,740.
Saint Barthélemy — rank 5, +12.4; net migrants in 2026 +143.

Other end of the table

Marshall Islands — rank 237, -44.9; net migrants in 2026 -1,575.
Saint Martin (French part) — rank 236, -43.3; net migrants in 2026 -1,034.
Cook Islands — rank 235, -32.6; net migrants in 2026 -419.
Tuvalu — rank 234, -24.0; net migrants in 2026 -225.
American Samoa — rank 233, -22.1; net migrants in 2026 -1,004.

Questions about this ranking

Which country or area ranks first for net migrants per 1,000?

Vatican City ranks first in this comparison with +25.7. The table uses 2026 medium projection from UN World Population Prospects 2024.

Which values are estimates and which are projections?

In World Population Prospects 2024, historical estimates run through 2023 and values from 2024 onward are projections. The peak-year table labels historical and projected results separately.

Why might another source show a different rank?

Sources can use different reference dates, revisions, country definitions, estimation methods, or projection scenarios. Close ranks can also change after revisions.