Azerbaijan population pyramid 2026
10,454,855 people in 2026 (projected). Azerbaijan’s pyramid alternates bulges and notches from war, the 1990s birth slump and their echoes, and has a strongly male-skewed sex ratio at birth.
- 2026 population
- 10.5Mrank 93 of 237
- Median age
- 34.1 yearsoldest rank 112
- Fertility rate
- 1.66births per woman · below replacement
- Structure
- Transitional9.8% age 65+
Azerbaijan population pyramid
2026 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex
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The UN series provides historical estimates through 2023. Figures from 2024 onward—including 2026—are medium-scenario projections, not counts or predictions guaranteed to occur.
Azerbaijan age distribution in 2026
Children under 15 account for 20.6% of the population, while 9.8% are aged 65 or older. The remaining 69.6% are in the conventional working-age range of 15–64. On these shares, the site classifies Azerbaijan’s age structure as transitional; the guide to population pyramid types explains what that shape implies.
The total age dependency ratio is 43.6: about 44 people under 15 or 65+ for every 100 people aged 15–64 (29.6 children and 14.0 older people). This is an age-balance indicator, not a literal count of economic dependants per worker.
What shapes Azerbaijan’s population pyramid
Four cohorts that set the shape
Azerbaijan’s 2026 pyramid is unusually uneven. Two bulges and two notches stand out. The 35–39 band, born about 1987–91, is roughly 12% larger than its neighbours, the product of high Soviet-era fertility in the late 1980s. Below it, the 25–29 band, born 1997–2001, is about 14% smaller than the bands on either side: the total fertility rate fell from about 3 in 1990 to 1.7 in 2000, during the post-independence economic collapse and the aftermath of the war over Nagorno-Karabakh. The 10–14 band, born 2012–16, forms a new bulge of about 10%, most likely an echo of the large late-1980s generation having children of its own.
A fourth feature, a notch at 50–54 (born 1972–76), coincides with falling fertility in the 1970s and with the small number of parents born during the Second World War. That war is clearly visible in the 1950 pyramid, which shows both a narrow 5–9 band and a severe shortage of men aged 25 to 54.
Too many boys, too few men
The sex ratio at birth in 2026 is about 110 boys per 100 girls, well above the natural level of around 105. Azerbaijan is one of several countries in the South Caucasus where this imbalance has been widely attributed to sex-selective abortion, alongside parts of Asia such as Vietnam, which also has one of the most similar age structures. As a result, boys and young men outnumber girls and women by about 11 to 10 up to age 25.
The balance then reverses abruptly. From 30 upward women outnumber men in every band, and above 60 the gap widens quickly, to about 73 men per 100 women at 70–74. Male labour emigration, much of it to Russia, and a life-expectancy gap of more than five years both contribute; the UN records net emigration of about 460,000 between 1950 and 1999. The guide to sex ratios by age explains how these two opposite imbalances can sit in the same pyramid.
Peaking around mid-century
Under the UN medium scenario Azerbaijan’s population reaches its peak of about 11.2 million in 2050, with deaths first exceeding births in 2049. By then the small 1990s cohorts form a narrow waist at ages 45–54, between the late-1980s generation above and their children below, so the alternating pattern persists for decades.
What to notice across the years
Distinctive cohorts and turning points
Comparing each five-year band with its neighbours picks out the cohorts that break a smooth slope. These irregularities usually record past surges or deficits in births, or migration concentrated at particular ages; the pattern alone does not identify which. The guide to baby booms and echo cohorts explains how to date and interpret them.
| Age band in 2026 | Born about | Feature | Versus neighbouring bands |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25–29 | 1997–2001 | Notch (smaller cohort) | −14% |
| 35–39 | 1987–1991 | Bulge (larger cohort) | +12% |
| 10–14 | 2012–2016 | Bulge (larger cohort) | +10% |
Births outnumber deaths in 2026; the medium scenario projects deaths to exceed births from 2049. People aged 65 and older are projected to outnumber children under 15 by 2050.
Births, deaths, and migration
A pyramid changes in only three ways: births add to the base, deaths remove people at every age, and migration adds or removes people mainly in young adulthood. In 2026, Azerbaijan is projected to record 119,620 births (about 328 births a day) and 71,738 deaths, a natural increase of 47,882. Net migration adds +7,708 people, ranking #78 in the net migration rate ranking.
Between 2000 and 2023 the UN estimates 3,723,267 births, 1,586,430 deaths, and cumulative net migration of +33,043. Over that period the balance of births and deaths moved the total more than migration did. See how migration shapes a pyramid and birth rate versus fertility rate. The medium scenario assumes net migration of +147,635 between 2026 and 2050.
Annual values 1950–2100; dashed lines after 2023 are the UN medium projection. The trend table below lists the values by decade.
Life expectancy and mortality
- Life expectancy, women
- 77.6 years50.3 in 1950
- Life expectancy, men
- 72.0 years42.2 in 1950
- Further years at 65
- 15.8 yearsboth sexes
- Infant mortality
- 13.3per 1,000 births · 152 in 1950
- Under-five mortality
- 15.9per 1,000 births
- Mother’s mean age at birth
- 26.0 yearssex ratio at birth 110.5
Women in Azerbaijan are projected to live 5.6 years longer than men, which is why the female side of the pyramid widens relative to the other at older ages (see the life expectancy gap ranking). Infant mortality has fallen from 152 to 13.3 deaths per 1,000 live births since 1950, ranking #84 of 237 in the infant mortality ranking (highest first). A mean age at childbearing of 26.0 years sets the spacing between generations, and so how far apart echo cohorts sit in the pyramid.
Median age, fertility rate, and global ranks for Azerbaijan
The median age of 34.1 years splits the population into two equal halves. A total fertility rate of 1.66 births per woman is below the replacement level of roughly 2.1, and life expectancy at birth is 74.9 years.
These ranks compare all 237 countries and areas in this dataset using the same 2026 UN medium projection. Ranks use the stored source precision, so displayed rounding can make adjacent values look identical; small differences should not be overinterpreted.
| Indicator | 2026 value | Global rank | Ranking direction |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 10,454,855 | #93 | Largest first |
| Median age | 34.1 years | #112 | Oldest first |
| Fertility rate | 1.66 | #141 | Highest first |
| Annual growth | +0.5% | #131 | Fastest first |
| Life expectancy | 74.9 years | #133 | Highest first |
| Population aged 65+ | 9.8% | #121 | Highest share first |
Largest age groups in Azerbaijan
The five largest cohorts identify where the 2026 population is concentrated. They can reflect past birth patterns, survival, and migration; the chart alone does not establish which cause dominates.
| Rank | Age group | Population | Share of total | Male / female |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 35–39 | 945,676 | 9.0% | 458.7K / 487K |
| 2 | 30–34 | 868,074 | 8.3% | 419.4K / 448.7K |
| 3 | 10–14 | 837,664 | 8.0% | 439.9K / 397.8K |
| 4 | 40–44 | 822,609 | 7.9% | 402.6K / 420K |
| 5 | 15–19 | 817,963 | 7.8% | 430.7K / 387.2K |
Sex ratio and the balance by age
In the 2026 projection, Azerbaijan has 5,127,986 males and 5,326,869 females. That is 96.3 males per 100 females, ranking #165 when the dataset is ordered from the highest male-to-female ratio to the lowest.
Males account for 49.0% of the population and females for 51.0%. There are 198,883 more females than males overall. Among people aged 65 and older, the ratio is 71.4 males per 100 females.
The overall balance can conceal large differences by age; how sex ratios change with age explains the usual pattern. The ratio reflects the male/female categories in the UN source and is not a measure of gender identity. Compare all profiles in the sex-ratio ranking.
At birth, 110.5 boys are projected to be born for every 100 girls in 2026, above the biological norm of about 105 (see the sex ratio at birth ranking). The ratio at birth sets the balance at the base of the pyramid; how it changes with age then depends on survival and migration.
How Azerbaijan has changed since 1950
The population has increased from 3,131,972 in 1950 to 10,454,855 in 2026, a change of 234%. Over the same span, median age moved from 20.2 to 34.1 years.
The under-15 share changed from 34.6% to 20.6%, while the share aged 65 and older changed from 6.3% to 9.8%. These shifts show why total population growth and age-structure change need to be read separately.
How the population could change by 2050
Under the UN medium scenario, Azerbaijan’s population is projected to grow by about 7%, reaching 11,224,923 in 2050. The median age changes from 34.1 to 39.7 years.
The 65+ share is projected to rise by 8.3 percentage points to 18.1%. At the same time, the under-15 share is projected at 16.5%. How UN projections work explains the assumptions behind these figures.
The annual UN series reaches its highest projected population of 11,224,923 in 2050. That turning point depends on the medium scenario and may move in later revisions. Compare timing across countries in the population peak ranking.
Population trend: 1950–2100
Mid-year population for every year. Estimates through 2023; dashed line shows the UN medium projection.
| Year | Population | Median age | Fertility | Life exp. | Births | Deaths | Net migration | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 3,131,972 | 20.2 | 5.07 | 46.3 | 117,561 | 64,345 | −33 | +1.7% |
| 1960 | 3,982,706 | 20.6 | 5.88 | 50.9 | 195,493 | 71,774 | −148 | +3.1% |
| 1970 | 5,183,826 | 16.4 | 4.90 | 56.6 | 164,083 | 59,474 | −3,847 | +1.9% |
| 1980 | 6,284,708 | 19.7 | 3.59 | 61.4 | 182,014 | 55,954 | −27,778 | +1.6% |
| 1990 | 7,231,077 | 22.6 | 2.98 | 62.8 | 207,772 | 64,672 | −63,324 | +1.1% |
| 2000 | 8,174,786 | 24.8 | 1.70 | 65.4 | 124,478 | 60,667 | +15,938 | +1.0% |
| 2010 | 9,146,850 | 28.2 | 1.92 | 70.3 | 168,827 | 63,861 | +1,373 | +1.2% |
| 2020 | 10,181,730 | 31.1 | 1.76 | 70.3 | 142,992 | 88,000 | +1,073 | +0.6% |
| 2023 | 10,318,207 | 32.6 | 1.67 | 74.4 | 125,136 | 67,842 | −84,122 | -0.3% |
| 2024* | 10,336,578 | 33.1 | 1.67 | 74.6 | 121,322 | 68,614 | +10,864 | +0.6% |
| 2026* | 10,454,855 | 34.1 | 1.66 | 74.9 | 119,620 | 71,738 | +7,708 | +0.5% |
| 2030* | 10,665,380 | 35.9 | 1.65 | 75.5 | 123,303 | 79,393 | +5,834 | +0.5% |
| 2040* | 11,081,336 | 38.0 | 1.64 | 77.0 | 126,799 | 103,630 | +6,000 | +0.3% |
| 2050* | 11,224,923 | 39.7 | 1.63 | 78.6 | 115,752 | 120,249 | +5,278 | +0.0% |
| 2060* | 11,135,570 | 42.7 | 1.64 | 80.1 | 106,087 | 127,540 | +5,067 | -0.1% |
| 2070* | 10,937,197 | 43.8 | 1.64 | 81.6 | 107,102 | 136,792 | +4,142 | -0.2% |
| 2080* | 10,644,864 | 44.1 | 1.63 | 83.0 | 100,453 | 137,131 | +4,326 | -0.3% |
| 2090* | 10,335,112 | 45.2 | 1.63 | 84.3 | 93,508 | 128,236 | +4,513 | -0.3% |
| 2100* | 10,021,320 | 46.0 | 1.62 | 85.6 | 91,257 | 129,317 | +3,788 | -0.3% |
* 2024 onward is the UN medium projection. Fertility is births per woman; life expectancy is years at birth; births, deaths, and net migration are counts for that calendar year.
Download every year, 1950–2100 (CSV)
2026 population by age and sex
The table provides the counts behind the chart. Age groups are five-year bands, with everyone aged 100 or older combined.
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–4 | 323,005 | 290,349 | 613,354 | 5.9% |
| 5–9 | 369,587 | 331,864 | 701,451 | 6.7% |
| 10–14 | 439,855 | 397,809 | 837,664 | 8.0% |
| 15–19 | 430,734 | 387,229 | 817,963 | 7.8% |
| 20–24 | 365,904 | 329,349 | 695,253 | 6.7% |
| 25–29 | 339,113 | 333,580 | 672,693 | 6.4% |
| 30–34 | 419,354 | 448,720 | 868,074 | 8.3% |
| 35–39 | 458,702 | 486,974 | 945,676 | 9.0% |
| 40–44 | 402,634 | 419,975 | 822,609 | 7.9% |
| 45–49 | 337,681 | 351,976 | 689,657 | 6.6% |
| 50–54 | 276,823 | 306,622 | 583,445 | 5.6% |
| 55–59 | 276,393 | 323,852 | 600,245 | 5.7% |
| 60–64 | 262,194 | 322,193 | 584,387 | 5.6% |
| 65–69 | 214,280 | 272,127 | 486,407 | 4.7% |
| 70–74 | 118,055 | 162,355 | 280,410 | 2.7% |
| 75–79 | 59,624 | 89,408 | 149,032 | 1.4% |
| 80–84 | 17,149 | 32,851 | 50,000 | 0.5% |
| 85–89 | 12,989 | 29,672 | 42,661 | 0.4% |
| 90–94 | 3,442 | 8,643 | 12,085 | 0.1% |
| 95–99 | 448 | 1,245 | 1,693 | 0.0% |
| 100+ | 21 | 75 | 96 | 0.0% |
Countries with the most similar age structure
These profiles have the 2026 age distributions closest to Azerbaijan’s, measured by the total difference in the share of the population in each five-year band. Similar shapes can arise from very different histories, so the match is a starting point for comparison, not an explanation.
- Vietnam97% overlap · median age 33.9
- Tunisia95% overlap · median age 33.4
- Grenada95% overlap · median age 34.9
- Iran95% overlap · median age 34.5
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines95% overlap · median age 34.7
- Turkey94% overlap · median age 33.9
To calculate school-age, working-age, or older groups with other boundaries, use the age-group calculator for Azerbaijan.
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APA
World Population Pyramid. (2026, October 19). Azerbaijan Population Pyramid 2026. https://worldpopulationpyramid.com/countries/azerbaijan/
MLA
“Azerbaijan Population Pyramid 2026.” World Population Pyramid, 19 Oct. 2026, worldpopulationpyramid.com/countries/azerbaijan/.
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World Population Pyramid. “Azerbaijan Population Pyramid 2026.” Last modified October 19, 2026. https://worldpopulationpyramid.com/countries/azerbaijan/.
Underlying data: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024.
Frequently asked questions
What is the population of Azerbaijan in 2026?
Under the UN World Population Prospects 2024 medium scenario, Azerbaijan's population in 2026 is projected at 10,454,855.
What is the median age in Azerbaijan?
The projected median age in Azerbaijan in 2026 is 34.1 years: half the population is younger and half is older.
What is the fertility rate in Azerbaijan?
The projected total fertility rate in 2026 is 1.66 births per woman, below the replacement level of about 2.1 in low-mortality populations.
Is Azerbaijan's population projected to grow?
Between 2026 and 2050, the UN medium scenario indicates the population will grow by about 7%, from 10.5M to 11.2M.
What share of Azerbaijan is aged 65 or older?
In 2026, 9.8% of the projected population is aged 65 or older. By 2050, the medium scenario places the share at 18.1%.
How many babies are born in Azerbaijan each year?
The UN medium scenario projects 119,620 births and 71,738 deaths in 2026, about 328 births a day. Births exceed deaths by 47,882.
What is life expectancy in Azerbaijan for men and women?
Life expectancy at birth in 2026 is projected at 77.6 years for women and 72.0 years for men, a gap of 5.6 years in favour of women.
Does Azerbaijan have more immigrants or emigrants?
Azerbaijan is projected to gain about 7,708 more people through migration than it loses in 2026. Between 2000 and 2023 the UN estimates cumulative net migration of +33,043.
What is the sex ratio in Azerbaijan?
The projected 2026 population sex ratio is 96.3 males per 100 females. This all-age ratio is different from the sex ratio at birth and can vary substantially by age.
Sources and notes
- United Nations, DESA, Population Division: World Population Prospects 2024, medium scenario.
- Population values are mid-year figures. Source values published in thousands are converted to people; displayed figures may imply more precision than is appropriate for planning.
- Historical values through 2023 are estimates. Values from 2024 onward are projections.
- Calculations follow the site methodology.