Monaco population pyramid 2026
38,087 people in 2026 (projected). Monaco has one of the oldest pyramids in the world, with a median age of about 53 and more residents aged 60–74 than under 20.
- 2026 population
- 38.1Krank 219 of 237
- Median age
- 53.1 yearsoldest rank 2
- Fertility rate
- 2.08births per woman · close to replacement
- Structure
- Older35.9% age 65+
Monaco population pyramid
2026 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex
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The UN series provides historical estimates through 2023. Figures from 2024 onward—including 2026—are medium-scenario projections, not counts or predictions guaranteed to occur.
Monaco age distribution in 2026
Children under 15 account for 14.1% of the population, while 35.9% are aged 65 or older. The remaining 50.0% are in the conventional working-age range of 15–64. On these shares, the site classifies Monaco’s age structure as older; the guide to constrictive population pyramids explains what that shape implies.
The total age dependency ratio is 100.0: about 100 people under 15 or 65+ for every 100 people aged 15–64 (28.1 children and 71.9 older people). This is an age-balance indicator, not a literal count of economic dependants per worker.
What shapes Monaco’s population pyramid
A city-state shaped by who moves in
Monaco’s pyramid reflects migration far more than births. The principality has had a much older population than its neighbours for decades: in 1950 the median age was already about 42, and more people were aged 40–44 than 0–4. Deaths have outnumbered births since 1963, yet the population has roughly doubled since 1950, to about 38,000, through net immigration of about 13,000 people before 2000 and 11,000 between 2000 and 2023. Monaco has long attracted wealthy residents, many of them at or near retirement, and Monégasque citizens are a minority of residents.
Widest at ages 60–74
The result in 2026 is a median age of about 53, among the highest in the oldest populations ranking. The widest bands are 60–74, born about 1952–66, with a bulge at 65–69, and about 36% of residents are 65 or older. There are almost twice as many deaths as births. With fewer than 2,000 people in most five-year bands, small shifts in who arrives or leaves can change the outline noticeably.
Under the medium scenario the median age falls to about 43 by 2050, as the large older cohorts die and the UN assumes continued arrivals of younger adults and fertility near 2. In 2026 Monaco’s age structure is most similar to that of Japan, followed by Martinique, Guadeloupe, Portugal and Germany.
What to notice across the years
Distinctive cohorts and turning points
Comparing each five-year band with its neighbours picks out the cohorts that break a smooth slope. These irregularities usually record past surges or deficits in births, or migration concentrated at particular ages; the pattern alone does not identify which. The guide to baby booms and echo cohorts explains how to date and interpret them.
| Age band in 2026 | Born about | Feature | Versus neighbouring bands |
|---|---|---|---|
| 65–69 | 1957–1961 | Bulge (larger cohort) | +10% |
Deaths have exceeded births every year since 2010; they also did so in 1963, but births then outnumbered deaths again. People aged 65 and older already outnumbered children under 15 in 1950.
Births, deaths, and migration
A pyramid changes in only three ways: births add to the base, deaths remove people at every age, and migration adds or removes people mainly in young adulthood. In 2026, Monaco is projected to record 369 births (about 1 births a day) and 714 deaths, a natural decrease of 345. Net migration adds +106 people, ranking #41 in the net migration rate ranking.
Between 2000 and 2023 the UN estimates 8,879 births, 13,401 deaths, and cumulative net migration of +10,858. Over that period migration moved the total more than the balance of births and deaths did. See how migration shapes a pyramid and birth rate versus fertility rate. The medium scenario assumes net migration of +2,753 between 2026 and 2050.
Annual values 1950–2100; dashed lines after 2023 are the UN medium projection. The trend table below lists the values by decade.
Life expectancy and mortality
- Life expectancy, women
- 88.8 years71.0 in 1950
- Life expectancy, men
- 84.8 years64.8 in 1950
- Further years at 65
- 23.5 yearsboth sexes
- Infant mortality
- 3.7per 1,000 births · 38 in 1950
- Under-five mortality
- 4.3per 1,000 births
- Mother’s mean age at birth
- 30.9 yearssex ratio at birth 104.9
Women in Monaco are projected to live 4.0 years longer than men, which is why the female side of the pyramid widens relative to the other at older ages (see the life expectancy gap ranking). Infant mortality has fallen from 38 to 3.7 deaths per 1,000 live births since 1950, ranking #194 of 237 in the infant mortality ranking (highest first). A mean age at childbearing of 30.9 years sets the spacing between generations, and so how far apart echo cohorts sit in the pyramid.
Median age, fertility rate, and global ranks for Monaco
The median age of 53.1 years splits the population into two equal halves. A total fertility rate of 2.08 births per woman is close to the replacement level of roughly 2.1, and life expectancy at birth is 86.7 years.
These ranks compare all 237 countries and areas in this dataset using the same 2026 UN medium projection. Ranks use the stored source precision, so displayed rounding can make adjacent values look identical; small differences should not be overinterpreted.
| Indicator | 2026 value | Global rank | Ranking direction |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 38,087 | #219 | Largest first |
| Median age | 53.1 years | #2 | Oldest first |
| Fertility rate | 2.08 | #103 | Highest first |
| Annual growth | -0.6% | #212 | Fastest first |
| Life expectancy | 86.7 years | #1 | Highest first |
| Population aged 65+ | 35.9% | #2 | Highest share first |
Largest age groups in Monaco
The five largest cohorts identify where the 2026 population is concentrated. They can reflect past birth patterns, survival, and migration; the chart alone does not establish which cause dominates.
| Rank | Age group | Population | Share of total | Male / female |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 65–69 | 2,822 | 7.4% | 1.4K / 1.4K |
| 2 | 60–64 | 2,678 | 7.0% | 1.3K / 1.4K |
| 3 | 70–74 | 2,440 | 6.4% | 1.2K / 1.2K |
| 4 | 55–59 | 2,338 | 6.1% | 1.1K / 1.2K |
| 5 | 75–79 | 2,334 | 6.1% | 1.2K / 1.2K |
Sex ratio and the balance by age
In the 2026 projection, Monaco has 18,622 males and 19,465 females. That is 95.7 males per 100 females, ranking #170 when the dataset is ordered from the highest male-to-female ratio to the lowest.
Males account for 48.9% of the population and females for 51.1%. There are 843 more females than males overall. Among people aged 65 and older, the ratio is 89.8 males per 100 females.
The overall balance can conceal large differences by age; how sex ratios change with age explains the usual pattern. The ratio reflects the male/female categories in the UN source and is not a measure of gender identity. Compare all profiles in the sex-ratio ranking.
At birth, 104.9 boys are projected to be born for every 100 girls in 2026, close to the biological norm of about 105 (compare the sex ratio at birth ranking). The ratio at birth sets the balance at the base of the pyramid; how it changes with age then depends on survival and migration.
How Monaco has changed since 1950
The population has increased from 19,666 in 1950 to 38,087 in 2026, a change of 94%. Over the same span, median age moved from 42.5 to 53.1 years.
The under-15 share changed from 14.5% to 14.1%, while the share aged 65 and older changed from 15.6% to 35.9%. These shifts show why total population growth and age-structure change need to be read separately.
How the population could change by 2050
Under the UN medium scenario, Monaco’s population is projected to decline by about 3%, reaching 36,757 in 2050. The median age changes from 53.1 to 42.8 years.
The 65+ share is projected to fall by 7.1 percentage points to 28.8%. At the same time, the under-15 share is projected at 16.7%. How UN projections work explains the assumptions behind these figures.
The population is still rising at the end of the UN medium projection in 2100, when it reaches 47,489. The page therefore does not assign a peak year beyond the available horizon.
Population trend: 1950–2100
Mid-year population for every year. Estimates through 2023; dashed line shows the UN medium projection.
| Year | Population | Median age | Fertility | Life exp. | Births | Deaths | Net migration | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 19,666 | 42.5 | 3.06 | 68.0 | 395 | 292 | +973 | +5.5% |
| 1960 | 21,808 | 44.4 | 2.81 | 71.9 | 365 | 344 | +103 | +0.6% |
| 1970 | 24,228 | 43.8 | 2.50 | 73.3 | 380 | 410 | +406 | +1.5% |
| 1980 | 27,122 | 43.0 | 2.24 | 74.9 | 398 | 450 | +256 | +0.7% |
| 1990 | 30,358 | 43.2 | 1.85 | 79.4 | 359 | 385 | +289 | +0.9% |
| 2000 | 32,455 | 44.5 | 2.08 | 82.1 | 397 | 361 | −33 | -0.0% |
| 2010 | 33,164 | 48.2 | 2.39 | 84.6 | 376 | 394 | +808 | +2.4% |
| 2020 | 38,050 | 54.8 | 2.38 | 86.1 | 371 | 816 | +999 | +1.4% |
| 2023 | 38,956 | 54.4 | 2.11 | 86.4 | 368 | 817 | +88 | -0.9% |
| 2024* | 38,631 | 54.0 | 2.10 | 86.5 | 369 | 778 | +110 | -0.8% |
| 2026* | 38,087 | 53.1 | 2.08 | 86.7 | 369 | 714 | +106 | -0.6% |
| 2030* | 37,366 | 50.6 | 2.06 | 87.2 | 374 | 624 | +128 | -0.3% |
| 2040* | 36,626 | 45.8 | 2.00 | 88.3 | 385 | 520 | +76 | -0.2% |
| 2050* | 36,757 | 42.8 | 1.96 | 89.5 | 423 | 476 | +135 | +0.2% |
| 2060* | 37,816 | 40.7 | 1.93 | 90.6 | 443 | 423 | +104 | +0.3% |
| 2070* | 39,549 | 40.8 | 1.89 | 91.6 | 447 | 352 | +119 | +0.6% |
| 2080* | 41,950 | 41.4 | 1.88 | 92.6 | 474 | 333 | +118 | +0.6% |
| 2090* | 44,669 | 42.1 | 1.86 | 93.6 | 495 | 345 | +133 | +0.6% |
| 2100* | 47,489 | 43.0 | 1.84 | 94.7 | 504 | 364 | +164 | +0.6% |
* 2024 onward is the UN medium projection. Fertility is births per woman; life expectancy is years at birth; births, deaths, and net migration are counts for that calendar year.
Download every year, 1950–2100 (CSV)
2026 population by age and sex
The table provides the counts behind the chart. Age groups are five-year bands, with everyone aged 100 or older combined.
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–4 | 942 | 899 | 1,841 | 4.8% |
| 5–9 | 949 | 912 | 1,861 | 4.9% |
| 10–14 | 829 | 825 | 1,654 | 4.3% |
| 15–19 | 815 | 780 | 1,595 | 4.2% |
| 20–24 | 906 | 870 | 1,776 | 4.7% |
| 25–29 | 981 | 936 | 1,917 | 5.0% |
| 30–34 | 909 | 871 | 1,780 | 4.7% |
| 35–39 | 895 | 865 | 1,760 | 4.6% |
| 40–44 | 847 | 895 | 1,742 | 4.6% |
| 45–49 | 767 | 899 | 1,666 | 4.4% |
| 50–54 | 851 | 946 | 1,797 | 4.7% |
| 55–59 | 1,133 | 1,205 | 2,338 | 6.1% |
| 60–64 | 1,325 | 1,353 | 2,678 | 7.0% |
| 65–69 | 1,410 | 1,412 | 2,822 | 7.4% |
| 70–74 | 1,232 | 1,208 | 2,440 | 6.4% |
| 75–79 | 1,176 | 1,158 | 2,334 | 6.1% |
| 80–84 | 1,030 | 1,120 | 2,150 | 5.6% |
| 85–89 | 811 | 950 | 1,761 | 4.6% |
| 90–94 | 495 | 716 | 1,211 | 3.2% |
| 95–99 | 231 | 419 | 650 | 1.7% |
| 100+ | 92 | 230 | 322 | 0.8% |
Countries with the most similar age structure
These profiles have the 2026 age distributions closest to Monaco’s, measured by the total difference in the share of the population in each five-year band. Similar shapes can arise from very different histories, so the match is a starting point for comparison, not an explanation.
- Japan89% overlap · median age 50.2
- Martinique88% overlap · median age 50.2
- Guadeloupe88% overlap · median age 47.4
- Portugal88% overlap · median age 47.2
- Germany88% overlap · median age 45.7
- United States Virgin Islands87% overlap · median age 44.9
To calculate school-age, working-age, or older groups with other boundaries, use the age-group calculator for Monaco.
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APA
World Population Pyramid. (2026, October 19). Monaco Population Pyramid 2026. https://worldpopulationpyramid.com/countries/monaco/
MLA
“Monaco Population Pyramid 2026.” World Population Pyramid, 19 Oct. 2026, worldpopulationpyramid.com/countries/monaco/.
Chicago
World Population Pyramid. “Monaco Population Pyramid 2026.” Last modified October 19, 2026. https://worldpopulationpyramid.com/countries/monaco/.
Underlying data: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024.
Frequently asked questions
What is the population of Monaco in 2026?
Under the UN World Population Prospects 2024 medium scenario, Monaco's population in 2026 is projected at 38,087.
What is the median age in Monaco?
The projected median age in Monaco in 2026 is 53.1 years: half the population is younger and half is older.
What is the fertility rate in Monaco?
The projected total fertility rate in 2026 is 2.08 births per woman, close to the replacement level of about 2.1 in low-mortality populations.
Is Monaco's population projected to grow?
Between 2026 and 2050, the UN medium scenario indicates the population will decline by about 3%, from 38.1K to 36.8K.
What share of Monaco is aged 65 or older?
In 2026, 35.9% of the projected population is aged 65 or older. By 2050, the medium scenario places the share at 28.8%.
How many babies are born in Monaco each year?
The UN medium scenario projects 369 births and 714 deaths in 2026, about 1 births a day. Deaths exceed births by 345.
What is life expectancy in Monaco for men and women?
Life expectancy at birth in 2026 is projected at 88.8 years for women and 84.8 years for men, a gap of 4.0 years in favour of women.
Does Monaco have more immigrants or emigrants?
Monaco is projected to gain about 106 more people through migration than it loses in 2026. Between 2000 and 2023 the UN estimates cumulative net migration of +10,858.
What is the sex ratio in Monaco?
The projected 2026 population sex ratio is 95.7 males per 100 females. This all-age ratio is different from the sex ratio at birth and can vary substantially by age.
Sources and notes
- United Nations, DESA, Population Division: World Population Prospects 2024, medium scenario.
- Population values are mid-year figures. Source values published in thousands are converted to people; displayed figures may imply more precision than is appropriate for planning.
- Historical values through 2023 are estimates. Values from 2024 onward are projections.
- Calculations follow the site methodology.