Kazakhstan population pyramid 2026
21,083,626 people in 2026 (projected). Kazakhstan’s fertility fell to 1.9 in 2000 and then climbed back to about 3, so a broad new base now sits beneath the narrow cohorts born around the late 1990s.
- 2026 population
- 21.1Mrank 65 of 237
- Median age
- 29.7 yearsoldest rank 137
- Fertility rate
- 2.92births per woman · above replacement
- Structure
- Transitional9.3% age 65+
Kazakhstan population pyramid
2026 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex
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The UN series provides historical estimates through 2023. Figures from 2024 onward—including 2026—are medium-scenario projections, not counts or predictions guaranteed to occur.
Kazakhstan age distribution in 2026
Children under 15 account for 28.9% of the population, while 9.3% are aged 65 or older. The remaining 61.8% are in the conventional working-age range of 15–64. On these shares, the site classifies Kazakhstan’s age structure as transitional; the guide to population pyramid types explains what that shape implies.
The total age dependency ratio is 61.8: about 62 people under 15 or 65+ for every 100 people aged 15–64 (46.7 children and 15.1 older people). This is an age-balance indicator, not a literal count of economic dependants per worker.
What shapes Kazakhstan’s population pyramid
Scars from the 1930s and the war
Kazakhstan’s 1950 pyramid is strikingly irregular. The 5–9 band, born in 1941–45, is little more than half the size of the bands on either side, and men aged 25–49 are heavily outnumbered by women, reflecting wartime births foregone and military deaths. A second gap at ages 15–19, born about 1931–35, coincides with the famine of the early 1930s that followed forced collectivisation and devastated the Kazakh population. In 2026 the war cohorts are aged around 80–84, and that band holds little more than a third as many people as the 75–79 band just below it.
Net migration was also unusually large and changeable. Inflows of settlers and deportees in the Soviet period were followed after 1991 by heavy emigration, much of it of ethnic Russians and Germans; across 1950–99 the UN estimates a net loss of about 1.4 million people, against only about 160,000 between 2000 and 2023.
A fall and an unusual rebound
Fertility declined from about 4.6 children per woman in 1950 to 1.9 in 2000, below the replacement level. The small cohorts born in that low period form the 2026 notch at ages 25–29, about 14% smaller than its neighbours, while the 35–39 bulge, born in 1987–91, is the large late-Soviet generation. What makes Kazakhstan distinctive is what happened next: fertility rose again, to 2.6 by 2010 and about 3.0 in 2023, high by the standards of the former Soviet Union. The 5–9 band is now the largest in the pyramid, and the base looks closer to Mongolia or Algeria than to Russia, whose 1990s trough was followed by a much weaker recovery.
A wide gap between the sexes in later life
Women live about eight years longer than men (78.8 against 70.6 years in 2026). Up to the late thirties men are slightly more numerous, but from the fifties the balance swings sharply: there are 82 men per 100 women at 60–64 and 61 at 70–74. The guide to sex ratios by age explains how such a gap accumulates.
Under the UN medium scenario, with births still well above deaths, the population grows from about 21 million in 2026 to 26.5 million by 2050 and about 33.7 million by 2100. The late-1990s trough remains visible as a waist at ages 45–54 in 2050.
What to notice across the years
Distinctive cohorts and turning points
Comparing each five-year band with its neighbours picks out the cohorts that break a smooth slope. These irregularities usually record past surges or deficits in births, or migration concentrated at particular ages; the pattern alone does not identify which. The guide to baby booms and echo cohorts explains how to date and interpret them.
| Age band in 2026 | Born about | Feature | Versus neighbouring bands |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25–29 | 1997–2001 | Notch (smaller cohort) | −14% |
| 35–39 | 1987–1991 | Bulge (larger cohort) | +12% |
In the UN medium scenario births outnumber deaths in every year through 2100. People aged 65 and older are projected to outnumber children under 15 by 2090.
Births, deaths, and migration
A pyramid changes in only three ways: births add to the base, deaths remove people at every age, and migration adds or removes people mainly in young adulthood. In 2026, Kazakhstan is projected to record 390,247 births (about 1,068 births a day) and 143,331 deaths, a natural increase of 246,916. Net migration adds −12,814 people, ranking #138 in the net migration rate ranking.
Between 2000 and 2023 the UN estimates 8,787,714 births, 3,630,185 deaths, and cumulative net migration of −158,446. Over that period the balance of births and deaths moved the total more than migration did. See how migration shapes a pyramid and birth rate versus fertility rate. The medium scenario assumes net migration of −306,555 between 2026 and 2050.
Annual values 1950–2100; dashed lines after 2023 are the UN medium projection. The trend table below lists the values by decade.
Life expectancy and mortality
- Life expectancy, women
- 78.8 years60.3 in 1950
- Life expectancy, men
- 70.6 years51.2 in 1950
- Further years at 65
- 16.7 yearsboth sexes
- Infant mortality
- 6.3per 1,000 births · 98 in 1950
- Under-five mortality
- 7.5per 1,000 births
- Mother’s mean age at birth
- 29.1 yearssex ratio at birth 106.3
Women in Kazakhstan are projected to live 8.2 years longer than men, which is why the female side of the pyramid widens relative to the other at older ages (see the life expectancy gap ranking). Infant mortality has fallen from 98 to 6.3 deaths per 1,000 live births since 1950, ranking #152 of 237 in the infant mortality ranking (highest first). A mean age at childbearing of 29.1 years sets the spacing between generations, and so how far apart echo cohorts sit in the pyramid.
Median age, fertility rate, and global ranks for Kazakhstan
The median age of 29.7 years splits the population into two equal halves. A total fertility rate of 2.92 births per woman is above the replacement level of roughly 2.1, and life expectancy at birth is 74.8 years.
These ranks compare all 237 countries and areas in this dataset using the same 2026 UN medium projection. Ranks use the stored source precision, so displayed rounding can make adjacent values look identical; small differences should not be overinterpreted.
| Indicator | 2026 value | Global rank | Ranking direction |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 21,083,626 | #65 | Largest first |
| Median age | 29.7 years | #137 | Oldest first |
| Fertility rate | 2.92 | #59 | Highest first |
| Annual growth | +1.1% | #88 | Fastest first |
| Life expectancy | 74.8 years | #134 | Highest first |
| Population aged 65+ | 9.3% | #123 | Highest share first |
Largest age groups in Kazakhstan
The five largest cohorts identify where the 2026 population is concentrated. They can reflect past birth patterns, survival, and migration; the chart alone does not establish which cause dominates.
| Rank | Age group | Population | Share of total | Male / female |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5–9 | 2,091,202 | 9.9% | 1.1M / 1M |
| 2 | 0–4 | 2,031,118 | 9.6% | 1M / 984.9K |
| 3 | 10–14 | 1,960,824 | 9.3% | 998.1K / 962.7K |
| 4 | 15–19 | 1,757,911 | 8.3% | 899.2K / 858.7K |
| 5 | 35–39 | 1,605,715 | 7.6% | 807.3K / 798.4K |
Sex ratio and the balance by age
In the 2026 projection, Kazakhstan has 10,277,746 males and 10,805,880 females. That is 95.1 males per 100 females, ranking #178 when the dataset is ordered from the highest male-to-female ratio to the lowest.
Males account for 48.7% of the population and females for 51.3%. There are 528,134 more females than males overall. Among people aged 65 and older, the ratio is 59.3 males per 100 females.
The overall balance can conceal large differences by age; how sex ratios change with age explains the usual pattern. The ratio reflects the male/female categories in the UN source and is not a measure of gender identity. Compare all profiles in the sex-ratio ranking.
At birth, 106.3 boys are projected to be born for every 100 girls in 2026, close to the biological norm of about 105 (compare the sex ratio at birth ranking). The ratio at birth sets the balance at the base of the pyramid; how it changes with age then depends on survival and migration.
How Kazakhstan has changed since 1950
The population has increased from 6,787,149 in 1950 to 21,083,626 in 2026, a change of 211%. Over the same span, median age moved from 22.0 to 29.7 years.
The under-15 share changed from 34.8% to 28.9%, while the share aged 65 and older changed from 6.5% to 9.3%. These shifts show why total population growth and age-structure change need to be read separately.
How the population could change by 2050
Under the UN medium scenario, Kazakhstan’s population is projected to grow by about 26%, reaching 26,544,265 in 2050. The median age changes from 29.7 to 31.2 years.
The 65+ share is projected to rise by 4.5 percentage points to 13.8%. At the same time, the under-15 share is projected at 24.7%. How UN projections work explains the assumptions behind these figures.
The population is still rising at the end of the UN medium projection in 2100, when it reaches 33,672,181. The page therefore does not assign a peak year beyond the available horizon.
Population trend: 1950–2100
Mid-year population for every year. Estimates through 2023; dashed line shows the UN medium projection.
| Year | Population | Median age | Fertility | Life exp. | Births | Deaths | Net migration | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 6,787,149 | 22.0 | 4.56 | 55.6 | 239,063 | 101,350 | +93,281 | +3.4% |
| 1960 | 9,429,981 | 22.2 | 4.49 | 57.9 | 347,266 | 121,241 | +83,525 | +3.3% |
| 1970 | 12,419,057 | 21.6 | 3.50 | 60.0 | 319,325 | 127,556 | +72,000 | +2.1% |
| 1980 | 15,152,948 | 21.9 | 3.09 | 62.5 | 404,281 | 165,303 | −67,731 | +1.1% |
| 1990 | 17,154,054 | 24.7 | 2.74 | 65.7 | 394,068 | 158,948 | −103,336 | +0.8% |
| 2000 | 15,501,103 | 26.6 | 1.90 | 63.8 | 245,353 | 164,649 | −8,754 | +0.5% |
| 2010 | 16,836,810 | 27.5 | 2.61 | 68.3 | 380,773 | 150,281 | −6,840 | +1.3% |
| 2020 | 19,482,117 | 29.2 | 3.13 | 71.2 | 439,716 | 167,261 | −8,716 | +1.4% |
| 2023 | 20,330,104 | 29.5 | 3.01 | 74.4 | 409,417 | 136,388 | −4,822 | +1.3% |
| 2024* | 20,592,571 | 29.6 | 2.98 | 74.5 | 401,985 | 137,903 | −7,368 | +1.3% |
| 2026* | 21,083,626 | 29.7 | 2.92 | 74.8 | 390,247 | 143,331 | −12,814 | +1.1% |
| 2030* | 22,003,193 | 29.5 | 2.81 | 75.4 | 387,269 | 155,465 | −6,269 | +1.0% |
| 2040* | 24,246,823 | 29.6 | 2.58 | 76.8 | 435,507 | 191,216 | −11,370 | +1.0% |
| 2050* | 26,544,265 | 31.2 | 2.39 | 78.3 | 450,123 | 219,283 | −16,270 | +0.8% |
| 2060* | 28,484,444 | 33.2 | 2.25 | 79.7 | 423,772 | 236,520 | −17,751 | +0.6% |
| 2070* | 30,071,402 | 34.5 | 2.14 | 81.2 | 426,955 | 255,045 | −19,749 | +0.5% |
| 2080* | 31,531,228 | 36.3 | 2.06 | 82.6 | 423,096 | 265,036 | −20,550 | +0.4% |
| 2090* | 32,766,011 | 38.8 | 1.99 | 83.9 | 396,111 | 270,573 | −20,134 | +0.3% |
| 2100* | 33,672,181 | 40.9 | 1.94 | 85.1 | 383,898 | 308,711 | −6,174 | +0.2% |
* 2024 onward is the UN medium projection. Fertility is births per woman; life expectancy is years at birth; births, deaths, and net migration are counts for that calendar year.
Download every year, 1950–2100 (CSV)
2026 population by age and sex
The table provides the counts behind the chart. Age groups are five-year bands, with everyone aged 100 or older combined.
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–4 | 1,046,203 | 984,915 | 2,031,118 | 9.6% |
| 5–9 | 1,065,843 | 1,025,359 | 2,091,202 | 9.9% |
| 10–14 | 998,085 | 962,739 | 1,960,824 | 9.3% |
| 15–19 | 899,207 | 858,704 | 1,757,911 | 8.3% |
| 20–24 | 674,729 | 647,912 | 1,322,641 | 6.3% |
| 25–29 | 602,861 | 582,259 | 1,185,120 | 5.6% |
| 30–34 | 727,448 | 710,539 | 1,437,987 | 6.8% |
| 35–39 | 807,334 | 798,381 | 1,605,715 | 7.6% |
| 40–44 | 714,832 | 721,829 | 1,436,661 | 6.8% |
| 45–49 | 598,675 | 632,203 | 1,230,878 | 5.8% |
| 50–54 | 528,125 | 588,726 | 1,116,851 | 5.3% |
| 55–59 | 459,796 | 539,824 | 999,620 | 4.7% |
| 60–64 | 421,630 | 515,932 | 937,562 | 4.4% |
| 65–69 | 345,066 | 474,385 | 819,451 | 3.9% |
| 70–74 | 213,196 | 347,608 | 560,804 | 2.7% |
| 75–79 | 111,184 | 218,957 | 330,141 | 1.6% |
| 80–84 | 33,080 | 85,995 | 119,075 | 0.6% |
| 85–89 | 24,110 | 82,555 | 106,665 | 0.5% |
| 90–94 | 5,310 | 21,485 | 26,795 | 0.1% |
| 95–99 | 968 | 5,065 | 6,033 | 0.0% |
| 100+ | 64 | 509 | 573 | 0.0% |
Countries with the most similar age structure
These profiles have the 2026 age distributions closest to Kazakhstan’s, measured by the total difference in the share of the population in each five-year band. Similar shapes can arise from very different histories, so the match is a starting point for comparison, not an explanation.
- Algeria96% overlap · median age 28.8
- Mongolia95% overlap · median age 27.0
- Morocco95% overlap · median age 30.1
- Dominican Republic94% overlap · median age 28.7
- Cambodia94% overlap · median age 26.4
- Fiji94% overlap · median age 28.3
To calculate school-age, working-age, or older groups with other boundaries, use the age-group calculator for Kazakhstan.
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APA
World Population Pyramid. (2026, October 19). Kazakhstan Population Pyramid 2026. https://worldpopulationpyramid.com/countries/kazakhstan/
MLA
“Kazakhstan Population Pyramid 2026.” World Population Pyramid, 19 Oct. 2026, worldpopulationpyramid.com/countries/kazakhstan/.
Chicago
World Population Pyramid. “Kazakhstan Population Pyramid 2026.” Last modified October 19, 2026. https://worldpopulationpyramid.com/countries/kazakhstan/.
Underlying data: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024.
Frequently asked questions
What is the population of Kazakhstan in 2026?
Under the UN World Population Prospects 2024 medium scenario, Kazakhstan's population in 2026 is projected at 21,083,626.
What is the median age in Kazakhstan?
The projected median age in Kazakhstan in 2026 is 29.7 years: half the population is younger and half is older.
What is the fertility rate in Kazakhstan?
The projected total fertility rate in 2026 is 2.92 births per woman, above the replacement level of about 2.1 in low-mortality populations.
Is Kazakhstan's population projected to grow?
Between 2026 and 2050, the UN medium scenario indicates the population will grow by about 26%, from 21.1M to 26.5M.
What share of Kazakhstan is aged 65 or older?
In 2026, 9.3% of the projected population is aged 65 or older. By 2050, the medium scenario places the share at 13.8%.
How many babies are born in Kazakhstan each year?
The UN medium scenario projects 390,247 births and 143,331 deaths in 2026, about 1,068 births a day. Births exceed deaths by 246,916.
What is life expectancy in Kazakhstan for men and women?
Life expectancy at birth in 2026 is projected at 78.8 years for women and 70.6 years for men, a gap of 8.2 years in favour of women.
Does Kazakhstan have more immigrants or emigrants?
Kazakhstan is projected to lose about 12,814 more people through emigration than it gains in 2026. Between 2000 and 2023 the UN estimates cumulative net migration of −158,446.
What is the sex ratio in Kazakhstan?
The projected 2026 population sex ratio is 95.1 males per 100 females. This all-age ratio is different from the sex ratio at birth and can vary substantially by age.
Sources and notes
- United Nations, DESA, Population Division: World Population Prospects 2024, medium scenario.
- Population values are mid-year figures. Source values published in thousands are converted to people; displayed figures may imply more precision than is appropriate for planning.
- Historical values through 2023 are estimates. Values from 2024 onward are projections.
- Calculations follow the site methodology.