Brazil population pyramid 2026
Latin America and the Caribbean · South America
213,562,666 people in 2026 (projected). Brazil’s pyramid is a bulging middle on a shrinking base: one of history’s fastest fertility falls left adults aged 25–44 as the widest bands.
- 2026 population
- 213.6Mrank 7 of 237
- Median age
- 35.2 yearsoldest rank 103
- Fertility rate
- 1.59births per woman · below replacement
- Structure
- Transitional11.9% age 65+
Brazil population pyramid
2026 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex
Hover over or tap a bar to see exact values.
Download this population pyramid
Use the publication-ready SVG, create a high-resolution PNG, or download the complete age-by-sex dataset.
The UN series provides historical estimates through 2023. Figures from 2024 onward—including 2026—are medium-scenario projections, not counts or predictions guaranteed to occur.
Brazil age distribution in 2026
Children under 15 account for 19.1% of the population, while 11.9% are aged 65 or older. The remaining 69.0% are in the conventional working-age range of 15–64. On these shares, the site classifies Brazil’s age structure as transitional; the guide to population pyramid types explains what that shape implies.
The total age dependency ratio is 45.0: about 45 people under 15 or 65+ for every 100 people aged 15–64 (27.7 children and 17.3 older people). This is an age-balance indicator, not a literal count of economic dependants per worker.
What shapes Brazil’s population pyramid
A fertility fall compressed into two generations
In 1950 Brazilian women had about six children on average; by 2000 the figure was about 2.25, and it has been below replacement since the mid-2000s. Brazil achieved this without a national family-planning program or birth limits. Rapid urbanization, the spread of the contraceptive pill and female sterilization, and rising education for women are the usual explanations; studies have also linked the reach of television soap operas, with their small-family storylines, to lower fertility, though the size of that effect is debated. The Brazil 2000 pyramid captures the turning point: the bands from 0 to 19 are nearly the same width, meaning the annual number of births had stopped rising.
Where the large cohorts sit in 2026
Because births peaked in absolute terms around the 1980s and 1990s, the widest bands in 2026 run from 25 to 44, with 40–44 (born 1982–86) the largest. Below 25 each band narrows, and ages 0–4 hold about 5.9% of the population compared with 7.8% at 40–44. This middle-heavy shape gives Brazil a comparatively low age dependency ratio, but the advantage is temporary: the large cohorts will start crossing age 65 in the 2040s and 2050s. The Brazil vs Mexico comparison shows a similar transition, with Brazil running somewhat ahead.
Sex balance and a census surprise
Boys slightly outnumber girls at birth, but the balance reaches parity by the late twenties, earlier than in many high-income countries. This is consistent with high mortality among young men from homicide and road accidents, which Brazilian health statistics have documented for decades. Above 50, women outnumber men in every band.
National counts add a caveat. IBGE’s 2022 census recorded about 203 million people, fewer than earlier projections, and somewhat below the UN estimate used here, so absolute numbers on this page may run high even if the age shape is sound.
Under the UN medium scenario Brazil’s population peaks in the early 2040s and stands at about 217 million in 2050, with a median age near 44.
What to notice across the years
Distinctive cohorts and turning points
No five-year band under age 80 is more than 10% larger or smaller than both of its neighbours, so Brazil’s 2026 pyramid has a comparatively smooth profile without sharp bulges or notches.
Births outnumber deaths in 2026; the medium scenario projects deaths to exceed births from 2043. People aged 65 and older are projected to outnumber children under 15 by 2040.
Births, deaths, and migration
A pyramid changes in only three ways: births add to the base, deaths remove people at every age, and migration adds or removes people mainly in young adulthood. In 2026, Brazil is projected to record 2,492,914 births (about one birth every 13 seconds) and 1,566,186 deaths, a natural increase of 926,728. Net migration adds −205,642 people, ranking #152 in the net migration rate ranking.
Between 2000 and 2023 the UN estimates 71,720,243 births, 29,538,076 deaths, and cumulative net migration of −3,462,893. Over that period the balance of births and deaths moved the total more than migration did. See how migration shapes a pyramid and birth rate versus fertility rate. The medium scenario assumes net migration of −1,996,913 between 2026 and 2050.
Annual values 1950–2100; dashed lines after 2023 are the UN medium projection. The trend table below lists the values by decade.
Life expectancy and mortality
- Life expectancy, women
- 79.5 years50.9 in 1950
- Life expectancy, men
- 73.3 years46.4 in 1950
- Further years at 65
- 18.2 yearsboth sexes
- Infant mortality
- 11.2per 1,000 births · 157 in 1950
- Under-five mortality
- 12.9per 1,000 births
- Mother’s mean age at birth
- 28.1 yearssex ratio at birth 104.5
Women in Brazil are projected to live 6.2 years longer than men, which is why the female side of the pyramid widens relative to the other at older ages (see the life expectancy gap ranking). Infant mortality has fallen from 157 to 11.2 deaths per 1,000 live births since 1950, ranking #100 of 237 in the infant mortality ranking (highest first). A mean age at childbearing of 28.1 years sets the spacing between generations, and so how far apart echo cohorts sit in the pyramid.
Median age, fertility rate, and global ranks for Brazil
The median age of 35.2 years splits the population into two equal halves. A total fertility rate of 1.59 births per woman is below the replacement level of roughly 2.1, and life expectancy at birth is 76.4 years.
These ranks compare all 237 countries and areas in this dataset using the same 2026 UN medium projection. Ranks use the stored source precision, so displayed rounding can make adjacent values look identical; small differences should not be overinterpreted.
| Indicator | 2026 value | Global rank | Ranking direction |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 213,562,666 | #7 | Largest first |
| Median age | 35.2 years | #103 | Oldest first |
| Fertility rate | 1.59 | #152 | Highest first |
| Annual growth | +0.3% | #154 | Fastest first |
| Life expectancy | 76.4 years | #114 | Highest first |
| Population aged 65+ | 11.9% | #108 | Highest share first |
Largest age groups in Brazil
The five largest cohorts identify where the 2026 population is concentrated. They can reflect past birth patterns, survival, and migration; the chart alone does not establish which cause dominates.
| Rank | Age group | Population | Share of total | Male / female |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 40–44 | 16,679,495 | 7.8% | 8.2M / 8.4M |
| 2 | 35–39 | 16,317,304 | 7.6% | 8.1M / 8.2M |
| 3 | 25–29 | 16,207,020 | 7.6% | 8.2M / 8M |
| 4 | 30–34 | 15,997,247 | 7.5% | 8M / 8M |
| 5 | 45–49 | 15,511,188 | 7.3% | 7.6M / 7.9M |
Sex ratio and the balance by age
In the 2026 projection, Brazil has 104,987,792 males and 108,574,874 females. That is 96.7 males per 100 females, ranking #157 when the dataset is ordered from the highest male-to-female ratio to the lowest.
Males account for 49.2% of the population and females for 50.8%. There are 3,587,082 more females than males overall. Among people aged 65 and older, the ratio is 78.7 males per 100 females.
The overall balance can conceal large differences by age; how sex ratios change with age explains the usual pattern. The ratio reflects the male/female categories in the UN source and is not a measure of gender identity. Compare all profiles in the sex-ratio ranking.
At birth, 104.5 boys are projected to be born for every 100 girls in 2026, close to the biological norm of about 105 (compare the sex ratio at birth ranking). The ratio at birth sets the balance at the base of the pyramid; how it changes with age then depends on survival and migration.
How Brazil has changed since 1950
The population has increased from 53,408,551 in 1950 to 213,562,666 in 2026, a change of 300%. Over the same span, median age moved from 17.5 to 35.2 years.
The under-15 share changed from 42.5% to 19.1%, while the share aged 65 and older changed from 2.4% to 11.9%. These shifts show why total population growth and age-structure change need to be read separately. See the Brazil population pyramid in 1950 for the full starting shape.
How the population could change by 2050
Under the UN medium scenario, Brazil’s population is projected to remain broadly stable, reaching 217,489,300 in 2050. The median age changes from 35.2 to 43.9 years.
The 65+ share is projected to rise by 10.6 percentage points to 22.5%. At the same time, the under-15 share is projected at 14.6%. The Brazil population pyramid for 2050 shows the projected shape in detail. How UN projections work explains the assumptions behind these figures.
The annual UN series reaches its highest projected population of 219,319,761 in 2042. That turning point depends on the medium scenario and may move in later revisions. Compare timing across countries in the population peak ranking.
Population trend: 1950–2100
Mid-year population for every year. Estimates through 2023; dashed line shows the UN medium projection.
| Year | Population | Median age | Fertility | Life exp. | Births | Deaths | Net migration | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 53,408,551 | 17.5 | 6.12 | 48.5 | 2,476,917 | 910,277 | +9,705 | +3.0% |
| 1960 | 72,388,126 | 16.9 | 6.05 | 53.2 | 3,174,191 | 983,862 | +4,066 | +3.0% |
| 1970 | 95,375,651 | 17.3 | 4.93 | 57.3 | 3,360,206 | 998,070 | −18,779 | +2.5% |
| 1980 | 121,207,460 | 19.2 | 4.04 | 61.8 | 3,929,237 | 1,041,387 | −38,918 | +2.4% |
| 1990 | 149,143,223 | 21.4 | 2.90 | 65.9 | 3,693,601 | 1,040,554 | −30,555 | +1.8% |
| 2000 | 174,018,282 | 24.2 | 2.25 | 69.6 | 3,459,239 | 1,087,228 | −45,800 | +1.3% |
| 2010 | 193,701,930 | 28.2 | 1.79 | 73.8 | 2,970,979 | 1,123,718 | −261,539 | +0.8% |
| 2020 | 208,660,842 | 32.7 | 1.65 | 74.5 | 2,711,546 | 1,565,282 | −78,437 | +0.5% |
| 2023 | 211,140,729 | 33.9 | 1.62 | 75.8 | 2,601,670 | 1,494,154 | −240,059 | +0.4% |
| 2024* | 211,998,574 | 34.4 | 1.61 | 76.0 | 2,572,100 | 1,498,363 | −225,510 | +0.4% |
| 2026* | 213,562,666 | 35.2 | 1.59 | 76.4 | 2,492,914 | 1,566,186 | −205,642 | +0.3% |
| 2030* | 216,074,411 | 36.9 | 1.58 | 77.1 | 2,388,528 | 1,706,255 | −146,325 | +0.3% |
| 2040* | 219,237,084 | 40.8 | 1.57 | 78.7 | 2,202,063 | 2,072,581 | −30,634 | +0.0% |
| 2050* | 217,489,300 | 43.9 | 1.56 | 80.3 | 1,993,661 | 2,392,261 | −29,987 | -0.2% |
| 2060* | 211,038,801 | 46.3 | 1.56 | 81.8 | 1,803,352 | 2,621,622 | −31,784 | -0.4% |
| 2070* | 200,893,056 | 48.3 | 1.57 | 83.2 | 1,657,083 | 2,779,987 | −28,322 | -0.6% |
| 2080* | 188,598,788 | 49.3 | 1.57 | 84.5 | 1,519,710 | 2,770,577 | −27,895 | -0.7% |
| 2090* | 175,780,972 | 50.0 | 1.58 | 85.7 | 1,383,274 | 2,630,346 | −27,017 | -0.7% |
| 2100* | 163,364,064 | 50.7 | 1.58 | 86.8 | 1,268,230 | 2,450,034 | −22,148 | -0.7% |
* 2024 onward is the UN medium projection. Fertility is births per woman; life expectancy is years at birth; births, deaths, and net migration are counts for that calendar year.
Download every year, 1950–2100 (CSV)
2026 population by age and sex
The table provides the counts behind the chart. Age groups are five-year bands, with everyone aged 100 or older combined.
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–4 | 6,481,052 | 6,217,525 | 12,698,577 | 5.9% |
| 5–9 | 7,020,484 | 6,740,651 | 13,761,135 | 6.4% |
| 10–14 | 7,315,012 | 7,027,031 | 14,342,043 | 6.7% |
| 15–19 | 7,401,440 | 7,133,131 | 14,534,571 | 6.8% |
| 20–24 | 7,721,265 | 7,510,814 | 15,232,079 | 7.1% |
| 25–29 | 8,166,581 | 8,040,439 | 16,207,020 | 7.6% |
| 30–34 | 8,012,447 | 7,984,800 | 15,997,247 | 7.5% |
| 35–39 | 8,124,038 | 8,193,266 | 16,317,304 | 7.6% |
| 40–44 | 8,247,497 | 8,431,998 | 16,679,495 | 7.8% |
| 45–49 | 7,601,196 | 7,909,992 | 15,511,188 | 7.3% |
| 50–54 | 6,614,295 | 7,002,014 | 13,616,309 | 6.4% |
| 55–59 | 5,812,690 | 6,285,553 | 12,098,243 | 5.7% |
| 60–64 | 5,262,646 | 5,850,787 | 11,113,433 | 5.2% |
| 65–69 | 4,269,842 | 4,946,706 | 9,216,548 | 4.3% |
| 70–74 | 3,118,327 | 3,840,215 | 6,958,542 | 3.3% |
| 75–79 | 2,006,778 | 2,689,742 | 4,696,520 | 2.2% |
| 80–84 | 1,107,661 | 1,582,155 | 2,689,816 | 1.3% |
| 85–89 | 509,664 | 817,615 | 1,327,279 | 0.6% |
| 90–94 | 158,680 | 298,456 | 457,136 | 0.2% |
| 95–99 | 32,732 | 65,142 | 97,874 | 0.0% |
| 100+ | 3,465 | 6,843 | 10,308 | 0.0% |
Countries with the most similar age structure
These profiles have the 2026 age distributions closest to Brazil’s, measured by the total difference in the share of the population in each five-year band. Similar shapes can arise from very different histories, so the match is a starting point for comparison, not an explanation.
- Turkey98% overlap · median age 33.9
- Costa Rica97% overlap · median age 35.7
- Saint Kitts and Nevis97% overlap · median age 36.5
- New Caledonia96% overlap · median age 34.8
- Antigua and Barbuda96% overlap · median age 36.7
- Bahamas96% overlap · median age 35.7
Compare Brazil with other countries
Side-by-side pages put two pyramids on the same percentage scale, with a full indicator table and the projected change to 2050.
To calculate school-age, working-age, or older groups with other boundaries, use the age-group calculator for Brazil.
Use this chart in your work
Charts and tables may be reused with attribution. Please link to this page and credit the United Nations as the data source.
Embed the population pyramid
Cite this page
APA
World Population Pyramid. (2026, October 19). Brazil Population Pyramid 2026. https://worldpopulationpyramid.com/countries/brazil/
MLA
“Brazil Population Pyramid 2026.” World Population Pyramid, 19 Oct. 2026, worldpopulationpyramid.com/countries/brazil/.
Chicago
World Population Pyramid. “Brazil Population Pyramid 2026.” Last modified October 19, 2026. https://worldpopulationpyramid.com/countries/brazil/.
Underlying data: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024.
Frequently asked questions
What is the population of Brazil in 2026?
Under the UN World Population Prospects 2024 medium scenario, Brazil's population in 2026 is projected at 213,562,666.
What is the median age in Brazil?
The projected median age in Brazil in 2026 is 35.2 years: half the population is younger and half is older.
What is the fertility rate in Brazil?
The projected total fertility rate in 2026 is 1.59 births per woman, below the replacement level of about 2.1 in low-mortality populations.
Is Brazil's population projected to grow?
Between 2026 and 2050, the UN medium scenario indicates the population will remain broadly stable, from 213.6M to 217.5M.
What share of Brazil is aged 65 or older?
In 2026, 11.9% of the projected population is aged 65 or older. By 2050, the medium scenario places the share at 22.5%.
How many babies are born in Brazil each year?
The UN medium scenario projects 2,492,914 births and 1,566,186 deaths in 2026, about one birth every 13 seconds. Births exceed deaths by 926,728.
What is life expectancy in Brazil for men and women?
Life expectancy at birth in 2026 is projected at 79.5 years for women and 73.3 years for men, a gap of 6.2 years in favour of women.
Does Brazil have more immigrants or emigrants?
Brazil is projected to lose about 205,642 more people through emigration than it gains in 2026. Between 2000 and 2023 the UN estimates cumulative net migration of −3,462,893.
What is the sex ratio in Brazil?
The projected 2026 population sex ratio is 96.7 males per 100 females. This all-age ratio is different from the sex ratio at birth and can vary substantially by age.
Sources and notes
- United Nations, DESA, Population Division: World Population Prospects 2024, medium scenario.
- Population values are mid-year figures. Source values published in thousands are converted to people; displayed figures may imply more precision than is appropriate for planning.
- Historical values through 2023 are estimates. Values from 2024 onward are projections.
- Calculations follow the site methodology.