Turkmenistan population pyramid 2026
7,736,632 people in 2026 (projected). Turkmenistan’s pyramid has a sharp notch at ages 20–24, about a fifth smaller than its neighbours, between a 1990s bulge and a broad base of children.
- 2026 population
- 7.7Mrank 104 of 237
- Median age
- 27.3 yearsoldest rank 154
- Fertility rate
- 2.60births per woman · above replacement
- Structure
- Transitional5.1% age 65+
Turkmenistan population pyramid
2026 · Share of total by five-year age group and sex
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The UN series provides historical estimates through 2023. Figures from 2024 onward—including 2026—are medium-scenario projections, not counts or predictions guaranteed to occur.
Turkmenistan age distribution in 2026
Children under 15 account for 30.8% of the population, while 5.1% are aged 65 or older. The remaining 64.1% are in the conventional working-age range of 15–64. On these shares, the site classifies Turkmenistan’s age structure as transitional; the guide to population pyramid types explains what that shape implies.
The total age dependency ratio is 56.0: about 56 people under 15 or 65+ for every 100 people aged 15–64 (48.1 children and 7.9 older people). This is an age-balance indicator, not a literal count of economic dependants per worker.
What shapes Turkmenistan’s population pyramid
A notch in the middle of a young pyramid
Turkmenistan still has a young population, with the widest bands at ages 0–14, but its pyramid is far from smooth. The most striking feature in 2026 is the 20–24 band, people born about 2002–06, which is roughly 21% smaller than the bands on either side. Above it, the 30–34 band (born 1992–96) forms a bulge about 12% larger than its neighbours.
The fertility series shows part of the story. The total fertility rate fell from about 4.3 children per woman in 1990 to 2.9 in 2000, and the 2000 pyramid already shows each of the three youngest bands narrowing towards the base. The rate was little changed by 2010, however, so the depth of the notch is not fully explained by the decade-by-decade figures. Turkmenistan releases relatively little demographic data, UN estimates for it rest on thinner evidence than for most countries, and the chart alone cannot establish exactly why births dipped in the early 2000s.
Older women, few older men
The 1950 pyramid shows the familiar scars of the Second World War in the former Soviet Union: a narrow 5–9 band born during the war and a shortage of men at ages 25–39. Today the oldest bands are strongly female. There are about 77 men per 100 women at 60–64 and 58 per 100 at 70–74, reflecting a life-expectancy gap of about six years. In the 80–84 band, born during the war, the UN estimates fewer than 23 men per 100 women, although figures for such small groups are uncertain.
At the other end, about 107 boys are born per 100 girls, close to the usual range, and the sexes are nearly balanced up to the early forties.
Echoes ahead
Because a small cohort produces fewer children, the 2000s notch is projected to reappear a generation later: in 2050 it sits at ages 40–49, and a smaller dip appears at 20–24 among their children. Turkmenistan’s age structure most resembles those of Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Mongolia. Under the UN medium scenario its population grows from about 7.7 million in 2026 to 9.6 million in 2050 and peaks at about 10.3 million in 2079, a relatively late peak in the population peak year ranking.
What to notice across the years
Distinctive cohorts and turning points
Comparing each five-year band with its neighbours picks out the cohorts that break a smooth slope. These irregularities usually record past surges or deficits in births, or migration concentrated at particular ages; the pattern alone does not identify which. The guide to baby booms and echo cohorts explains how to date and interpret them.
| Age band in 2026 | Born about | Feature | Versus neighbouring bands |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20–24 | 2002–2006 | Notch (smaller cohort) | −21% |
| 30–34 | 1992–1996 | Bulge (larger cohort) | +12% |
Births outnumber deaths in 2026; the medium scenario projects deaths to exceed births from 2081. People aged 65 and older are projected to outnumber children under 15 by 2085.
Births, deaths, and migration
A pyramid changes in only three ways: births add to the base, deaths remove people at every age, and migration adds or removes people mainly in young adulthood. In 2026, Turkmenistan is projected to record 148,664 births (about 407 births a day) and 45,980 deaths, a natural increase of 102,684. Net migration adds +11,792 people, ranking #60 in the net migration rate ranking.
Between 2000 and 2023 the UN estimates 3,466,223 births, 874,926 deaths, and cumulative net migration of +302,635. Over that period the balance of births and deaths moved the total more than migration did. See how migration shapes a pyramid and birth rate versus fertility rate. The medium scenario assumes net migration of −38,082 between 2026 and 2050.
Annual values 1950–2100; dashed lines after 2023 are the UN medium projection. The trend table below lists the values by decade.
Life expectancy and mortality
- Life expectancy, women
- 73.3 years52.6 in 1950
- Life expectancy, men
- 67.2 years44.1 in 1950
- Further years at 65
- 14.2 yearsboth sexes
- Infant mortality
- 27.1per 1,000 births · 140 in 1950
- Under-five mortality
- 34.0per 1,000 births
- Mother’s mean age at birth
- 27.8 yearssex ratio at birth 106.6
Women in Turkmenistan are projected to live 6.1 years longer than men, which is why the female side of the pyramid widens relative to the other at older ages (see the life expectancy gap ranking). Infant mortality has fallen from 140 to 27.1 deaths per 1,000 live births since 1950, ranking #46 of 237 in the infant mortality ranking (highest first). A mean age at childbearing of 27.8 years sets the spacing between generations, and so how far apart echo cohorts sit in the pyramid.
Median age, fertility rate, and global ranks for Turkmenistan
The median age of 27.3 years splits the population into two equal halves. A total fertility rate of 2.60 births per woman is above the replacement level of roughly 2.1, and life expectancy at birth is 70.5 years.
These ranks compare all 237 countries and areas in this dataset using the same 2026 UN medium projection. Ranks use the stored source precision, so displayed rounding can make adjacent values look identical; small differences should not be overinterpreted.
| Indicator | 2026 value | Global rank | Ranking direction |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 7,736,632 | #104 | Largest first |
| Median age | 27.3 years | #154 | Oldest first |
| Fertility rate | 2.60 | #71 | Highest first |
| Annual growth | +1.5% | #69 | Fastest first |
| Life expectancy | 70.5 years | #172 | Highest first |
| Population aged 65+ | 5.1% | #167 | Highest share first |
Largest age groups in Turkmenistan
The five largest cohorts identify where the 2026 population is concentrated. They can reflect past birth patterns, survival, and migration; the chart alone does not establish which cause dominates.
| Rank | Age group | Population | Share of total | Male / female |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5–9 | 821,645 | 10.6% | 420.9K / 400.8K |
| 2 | 10–14 | 794,109 | 10.3% | 403.9K / 390.2K |
| 3 | 0–4 | 767,871 | 9.9% | 394.4K / 373.4K |
| 4 | 30–34 | 681,536 | 8.8% | 343.2K / 338.3K |
| 5 | 15–19 | 620,233 | 8.0% | 317.5K / 302.8K |
Sex ratio and the balance by age
In the 2026 projection, Turkmenistan has 3,801,727 males and 3,934,905 females. That is 96.6 males per 100 females, ranking #160 when the dataset is ordered from the highest male-to-female ratio to the lowest.
Males account for 49.1% of the population and females for 50.9%. There are 133,178 more females than males overall. Among people aged 65 and older, the ratio is 57.4 males per 100 females.
The overall balance can conceal large differences by age; how sex ratios change with age explains the usual pattern. The ratio reflects the male/female categories in the UN source and is not a measure of gender identity. Compare all profiles in the sex-ratio ranking.
At birth, 106.6 boys are projected to be born for every 100 girls in 2026, close to the biological norm of about 105 (compare the sex ratio at birth ranking). The ratio at birth sets the balance at the base of the pyramid; how it changes with age then depends on survival and migration.
How Turkmenistan has changed since 1950
The population has increased from 1,269,180 in 1950 to 7,736,632 in 2026, a change of 510%. Over the same span, median age moved from 21.3 to 27.3 years.
The under-15 share changed from 34.4% to 30.8%, while the share aged 65 and older changed from 5.6% to 5.1%. These shifts show why total population growth and age-structure change need to be read separately.
How the population could change by 2050
Under the UN medium scenario, Turkmenistan’s population is projected to grow by about 25%, reaching 9,639,708 in 2050. The median age changes from 27.3 to 32.8 years.
The 65+ share is projected to rise by 5.7 percentage points to 10.8%. At the same time, the under-15 share is projected at 22.9%. How UN projections work explains the assumptions behind these figures.
The annual UN series reaches its highest projected population of 10,281,442 in 2079. That turning point depends on the medium scenario and may move in later revisions. Compare timing across countries in the population peak ranking.
Population trend: 1950–2100
Mid-year population for every year. Estimates through 2023; dashed line shows the UN medium projection.
| Year | Population | Median age | Fertility | Life exp. | Births | Deaths | Net migration | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 1,269,180 | 21.3 | 5.26 | 48.1 | 49,519 | 23,880 | −1,636 | +1.9% |
| 1960 | 1,643,456 | 20.3 | 6.59 | 52.1 | 77,958 | 28,524 | +1,421 | +3.1% |
| 1970 | 2,195,616 | 16.2 | 6.40 | 56.0 | 83,769 | 28,152 | +1,376 | +2.6% |
| 1980 | 2,832,203 | 17.6 | 5.30 | 60.2 | 102,958 | 28,566 | −1,152 | +2.6% |
| 1990 | 3,760,562 | 18.3 | 4.29 | 63.9 | 131,397 | 30,300 | −4,864 | +2.6% |
| 2000 | 4,582,677 | 19.8 | 2.90 | 64.9 | 108,686 | 31,814 | +14,925 | +2.0% |
| 2010 | 5,564,356 | 23.0 | 2.85 | 68.6 | 143,076 | 33,760 | +6,621 | +2.1% |
| 2020 | 6,949,912 | 25.4 | 2.79 | 68.8 | 167,630 | 43,617 | +19,913 | +2.1% |
| 2023 | 7,364,438 | 26.2 | 2.69 | 70.1 | 160,100 | 42,575 | +15,005 | +1.8% |
| 2024* | 7,494,498 | 26.6 | 2.66 | 70.2 | 156,679 | 43,741 | +14,646 | +1.7% |
| 2026* | 7,736,632 | 27.3 | 2.60 | 70.5 | 148,664 | 45,980 | +11,792 | +1.5% |
| 2030* | 8,135,729 | 28.5 | 2.49 | 71.0 | 139,095 | 51,651 | −3,059 | +1.0% |
| 2040* | 8,932,232 | 29.9 | 2.27 | 72.3 | 151,686 | 70,044 | −3,430 | +0.9% |
| 2050* | 9,639,708 | 32.8 | 2.13 | 73.6 | 146,793 | 86,590 | −3,175 | +0.6% |
| 2060* | 10,037,970 | 36.0 | 2.01 | 75.0 | 128,348 | 99,503 | −3,513 | +0.3% |
| 2070* | 10,222,330 | 38.0 | 1.94 | 76.4 | 127,443 | 111,249 | −3,257 | +0.1% |
| 2080* | 10,279,686 | 39.5 | 1.89 | 77.8 | 118,319 | 117,515 | −3,487 | -0.0% |
| 2090* | 10,180,243 | 41.9 | 1.84 | 79.1 | 105,237 | 119,012 | −3,311 | -0.2% |
| 2100* | 9,946,598 | 44.0 | 1.81 | 80.5 | 99,803 | 126,431 | −3,018 | -0.3% |
* 2024 onward is the UN medium projection. Fertility is births per woman; life expectancy is years at birth; births, deaths, and net migration are counts for that calendar year.
Download every year, 1950–2100 (CSV)
2026 population by age and sex
The table provides the counts behind the chart. Age groups are five-year bands, with everyone aged 100 or older combined.
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–4 | 394,440 | 373,431 | 767,871 | 9.9% |
| 5–9 | 420,887 | 400,758 | 821,645 | 10.6% |
| 10–14 | 403,877 | 390,232 | 794,109 | 10.3% |
| 15–19 | 317,466 | 302,767 | 620,233 | 8.0% |
| 20–24 | 251,682 | 234,222 | 485,904 | 6.3% |
| 25–29 | 304,546 | 302,392 | 606,938 | 7.8% |
| 30–34 | 343,209 | 338,327 | 681,536 | 8.8% |
| 35–39 | 306,983 | 302,038 | 609,021 | 7.9% |
| 40–44 | 252,876 | 255,361 | 508,237 | 6.6% |
| 45–49 | 204,206 | 223,826 | 428,032 | 5.5% |
| 50–54 | 184,419 | 219,558 | 403,977 | 5.2% |
| 55–59 | 157,081 | 190,335 | 347,416 | 4.5% |
| 60–64 | 116,320 | 151,381 | 267,701 | 3.5% |
| 65–69 | 81,361 | 116,785 | 198,146 | 2.6% |
| 70–74 | 40,352 | 69,018 | 109,370 | 1.4% |
| 75–79 | 15,380 | 36,435 | 51,815 | 0.7% |
| 80–84 | 3,326 | 15,299 | 18,625 | 0.2% |
| 85–89 | 2,433 | 9,800 | 12,233 | 0.2% |
| 90–94 | 761 | 2,502 | 3,263 | 0.0% |
| 95–99 | 116 | 408 | 524 | 0.0% |
| 100+ | 6 | 31 | 37 | 0.0% |
Countries with the most similar age structure
These profiles have the 2026 age distributions closest to Turkmenistan’s, measured by the total difference in the share of the population in each five-year band. Similar shapes can arise from very different histories, so the match is a starting point for comparison, not an explanation.
- Uzbekistan96% overlap · median age 27.0
- Kyrgyzstan96% overlap · median age 25.5
- Mongolia95% overlap · median age 27.0
- Paraguay95% overlap · median age 27.3
- Egypt95% overlap · median age 24.7
- Jordan95% overlap · median age 24.9
To calculate school-age, working-age, or older groups with other boundaries, use the age-group calculator for Turkmenistan.
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APA
World Population Pyramid. (2026, October 19). Turkmenistan Population Pyramid 2026. https://worldpopulationpyramid.com/countries/turkmenistan/
MLA
“Turkmenistan Population Pyramid 2026.” World Population Pyramid, 19 Oct. 2026, worldpopulationpyramid.com/countries/turkmenistan/.
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World Population Pyramid. “Turkmenistan Population Pyramid 2026.” Last modified October 19, 2026. https://worldpopulationpyramid.com/countries/turkmenistan/.
Underlying data: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024.
Frequently asked questions
What is the population of Turkmenistan in 2026?
Under the UN World Population Prospects 2024 medium scenario, Turkmenistan's population in 2026 is projected at 7,736,632.
What is the median age in Turkmenistan?
The projected median age in Turkmenistan in 2026 is 27.3 years: half the population is younger and half is older.
What is the fertility rate in Turkmenistan?
The projected total fertility rate in 2026 is 2.60 births per woman, above the replacement level of about 2.1 in low-mortality populations.
Is Turkmenistan's population projected to grow?
Between 2026 and 2050, the UN medium scenario indicates the population will grow by about 25%, from 7.7M to 9.6M.
What share of Turkmenistan is aged 65 or older?
In 2026, 5.1% of the projected population is aged 65 or older. By 2050, the medium scenario places the share at 10.8%.
How many babies are born in Turkmenistan each year?
The UN medium scenario projects 148,664 births and 45,980 deaths in 2026, about 407 births a day. Births exceed deaths by 102,684.
What is life expectancy in Turkmenistan for men and women?
Life expectancy at birth in 2026 is projected at 73.3 years for women and 67.2 years for men, a gap of 6.1 years in favour of women.
Does Turkmenistan have more immigrants or emigrants?
Turkmenistan is projected to gain about 11,792 more people through migration than it loses in 2026. Between 2000 and 2023 the UN estimates cumulative net migration of +302,635.
What is the sex ratio in Turkmenistan?
The projected 2026 population sex ratio is 96.6 males per 100 females. This all-age ratio is different from the sex ratio at birth and can vary substantially by age.
Sources and notes
- United Nations, DESA, Population Division: World Population Prospects 2024, medium scenario.
- Population values are mid-year figures. Source values published in thousands are converted to people; displayed figures may imply more precision than is appropriate for planning.
- Historical values through 2023 are estimates. Values from 2024 onward are projections.
- Calculations follow the site methodology.